17.1- Laying the foundations of inheritance Flashcards
specific traits are also known as
phenotypes
selective breeding=
breeding plants and animals for specific traits
who was responsible for pangenisis
aristotle
pangenesis=
egg and sperm contain pangenes which develope into the part of the body they’re derived from
antony van Leeuwenhoek discovered ____
living sperm using a microscope because he thought he saw a ‘mini person’ in the sperms head
regnier de graaf thought the ‘mini person’ was in the _____
egg and the sperm stimulated it to develop
what 7 traits did mendel study in pea plants
stem length
pod shape
seed shape
seed colour
flower position
flower colour
pod colour
why did mendel use true breeding plants
because they show the same chracteristics in each generation
p=
parental generation
F1=
first filia AKA offspring generation
F2=
second filia generation
what did mendel do
he crossed parental plants with different characteristics to produce to F1 generation and then let the F1s self pollinate to produce the F2 generation
monohyloroid generation=
a cross of 2 organisms involving only one trait
traits shown in the F1 generation are considered
dominant
traits not shown in the F1 generation are considered
recessive
what is Mendel’s first law (laws of segregation)
all individuals have 2 copies of each factor/allele. the 2 copies segregate randomly when gametes are formed so each gamete receives only one copy
Dominant alleles are represented by
the use of a capitol for the first letter of the allele
recessive alleles use___
lowercase letter for the first letter of an allele
mendle also conducted ___ crosses
dihybrid
dihybrid crosses is the study of
2 different traits at the same time to look for a relationship between alleles
what’s Mendel’s second law caled
the law of independent assortment
what is the law of independent assortment
alleles of different genes segregate independently during gamete formation
incomplete dominance=
neither allele can completely hide the other one (blue+yellow= green)
co-dominance=
both alleles appear together in an organism (blue= yellow= yellow and blue spots)
Sutton was responsible for
the chromosome theory of inheritance
what was the chromosome theory of inheritance (2)
1) genes are carried on chromsomes
2) alleles come in pairs and segregate independantly during gamete formation
