16.1 the cell cycle Flashcards
3 points of cell theory
1- all living things are composed of cells
2- cells are the basic unit of life
3- all new cells arise from pre-existing cells
3 reasons why cells divide
1- maintain a large SA/V ratio
2- replace old cells
3- growth
2 types of cells that make up the human body
gametes and somatic cells
gametes divide via______
meiosis
somatic cells divide via____
mitosis
what is a polyploid
when organisms have more then 2 of each chromosome (eg= triploid, tetraploid etc)
daughter cells contain the same cells as
parent cells
when dividing, strands of DNA are organized into _____
chromosomes
when DNA isn’t dividing, chromosomes extend into long strands called ___
chromatin
when the cell is preparing to divide DNA is ____ and wraps around ____ called ____
condensed, proteins, histones
each homologous chromosome _____ before cell division
replicates
chromosomes replicating leads to _______ _____ _____
identical sister chromatids
sister chromatids join at the ___
centromere
homologous chromosomes contain the same order of genes but not ___
identical copies of each gene
alleles=
different forms of the same gene (eg blue an brown eyes)
