15. The Immune System Flashcards
what are the 2 types of immunity
innate and acquired
what does innate immunity do and involve
non specific protection from most intruding organisms and toxins
what are 3 examples of innate immunity
skin
phagocytic cells
stomach acid
what does acquired immunity do and involve
protection against specific organisms or toxins
developed after body is attacked and develops immunity
what does inflammation result from
injury to tissue
what does inflammation involve regarding vessels
dilation of blood vessels and increases permeability of capillaries
what does inflammation do in terms of protection
creates barrier around infected tissue
inhibits spread of infection
what are the 2 types of acquired immunity
B cell immunity and T cell immunity
what is B cell immunity and what is it promoted by
B lymphocytes
what does each B lymphocyte do
each B lymphocyte makes a single type of antibody which recognizes a foreign particle/antigen
what is specificity
antibodies are highly specific for their respective antigens
what happens when a B lymphocyte contacts a matching antigen
B lymphocyte differentiates into plasma cells and memory B cells
what do plasma cells produce and release
free antibodies into the blood
what do antibodies do
work in various ways to destroy the foreign substance/antigen
what is the primary response
first time the immune system is exposed to antigen
what happens when the body is exposed to the same antigen after the first time
presence of memory B cells will result in faster acting and more potent response called the secondary response
does the secondary response produce symptoms
no signs or symptoms
what does T cell immunity involve
T lymphocyte cells
what do T lymphocytes differentiate into
T helper cells
supressor T cells
killer T cells
memory T cells
what do T helper cells do
activate B lymphocytes and supressor T cells
what do memory T cells do
similar function to memory B cells
what do killer T cells do
bind to antigen carrying cells and directly kills it
how do the B and T cell acquire immunity differ
B produces antibody mediated immunity
T produces cell mediated immunity
