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A-Level History: The Making Of Modern Britain - 1951-2007 > 14 - Heath's Government, 1970-74 > Flashcards

14 - Heath's Government, 1970-74 Flashcards

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1
Q

What kind of background did Heath come from? Where was he educated?

A 
Lower middle-class
Oxford
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2
Q

What type of leadership did Heath reduce in the Tory Party? How would Heath promote colleagues?

A

Aristocratic leadership

On merit

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3
Q

Who was Heath’s first Chancellor? Who became Education Secretary?

A

Barber

Thatcher

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4
Q

What ideology was Heath influenced by?

A

The “New Right”

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5
Q

What intervention was reduced under Heath’s government? What did this allow?

A

Government intervention

Markets to decide prices and wages

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6
Q

Where was the New Right adopted? When were they adopted?

A

Selsdon Park

January 1970

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7
Q

What was the nickname given to a new Tory voter who wanted more control of their affairs?

A

“Selsdon Man”

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8
Q

What did less government intervention cause the breakdown of?

A

Post-war consensus

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9
Q

What did the government introduce in August 1971 in Northern Ireland? Why?

A

An “internment”

To arrest troublemakers without a trial

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10
Q

What was a problem with internment?

A

Mainly innocent people were arrested

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11
Q

What event compounded NI problems together in January 1972? How many people were killed during this event?

A

Bloody Sunday

14

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12
Q

Who did British troops open fire on during Bloody Sunday? Where did they open fire?

A

Catholic protesters

Londonderry

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13
Q

How did the IRA retaliate to Britain post-Bloody Sunday?

A

A bombing campaign on mainland Britain

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14
Q

What parliament did Britain suspend? What policy did they adopt to do this?

A

Stormont parliament

“Direct rule”

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15
Q

What did most politicians agree about between Catholics and Protestants?

A

Some degree of power sharing was necessary

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16
Q

Who introduced the Sunningdale Agreement? Who was this person?

A

Willie Whitelaw

Secretary of State for NI

17
Q

What new executive formation allowed both Catholics and Protestants to govern the province?

A

A new executive of representatives from both communities

18
Q

What specific group paralysed the NI province? Who particularly influenced them?

A

Hard-line Protestants

Reverend Ian Paisley

19
Q

What did the hard-line Protestants start that defeated the Sunningdale Agreement?

A

A 15-day strike

20
Q

What commitment did the government abandon following economic issues?

A

Minimal intervention

21
Q

What aircraft engine manufacturer did Heath nationalise in 1971?

A

Rolls-Royce

22
Q

What shipbuilder company received a subsidy to stay afloat? How much did they receive?

A

Upper Clyde Shipbuilders

£35 million

23
Q

What was post-war prosperity largely dependent on?

A

Cheap fuel

24
Q

Who was the biggest provider of cheap fuel? Where were they based?

A

OPEC (Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries)

Middle East

25
Q

Between what 2 groups did a major war break out with in September 1973?

A

Israel and its Arab neighbours

26
Q

What did OPEC reduce to respond to the major war of September 1973? What was raised?

A

Reduced oil supply

Raised prices

27
Q

How much in US$ did a barrel increase in price? From what years?

A

$2-$35

1973, 1980

28
Q

What was there a shortage of for industry and transport following the oil crisis?

A

Fuel and petrol

29
Q

What BoP factor became more expensive due to the oil crisis?

A

Imports

30
Q

How did the £ fall in value to the US$? What did this lead to?

A

It fell to $1.50

Huge budget deficits

31
Q

What grew again after falling in the early 1970s? To what amount did it increase to by 1974?

A

Inflation

16%

32
Q

How many people were unemployed by 1973? How many by 1978?

A

785,000

1,603,000

33
Q

When did Heath call an election? What was this on the basis of?

A

February 1974

“Who governs Britain?”

34
Q

What did American journalist Anthony Bailey write about Catholics and gerrymandering?

A

“The Catholics were gerrymandered out of representation”

35
Q

What did the UDA Protestants claim on a leaflet that Catholics were the enemy of?

A

“The enemies of Faith and Freedom”

A-Level History: The Making Of Modern Britain - 1951-2007 (40 decks)

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