1.3: Social class and identity

Question 1

There are several ways to define class.
One definition of class is that class is what?

Answer 1

One definition of class is that class is a group who share a similar:
1. Economic
2. Social
situation

Question 2

There are several ways to define class.
One definition of class is that class is a group who share a similar economic and social situation.
Social class is arguably a very significant aspect of identity.
It will clearly affect what?

Answer 2

Social class will clearly affect:

1. The economic circumstances of an individual’s upbringing
2. Related issues

Question 3

There are several ways to define class.
One definition of class is that class is a group who share a similar economic and social situation.
Social class is arguably a very significant aspect of identity.
Social class will clearly affect the economic circumstances of an individual's upbringing and related issues, such as what?

Answer 3

Social class will clearly affect:

1. The economic circumstances of an individual’s upbringing
2. Related issues, such as housing, health and schooling

Question 4

There are several ways to define class.
One definition of class is that class is a group who share a similar economic and social situation.
Social class is arguably a very significant aspect of identity.
Social class will clearly affect the economic circumstances of an individual's upbringing and related issues, such as housing, health and schooling.
However, it is argued that this will also lead to a social class developing what?

Answer 4

It is argued that this will also lead to a social class developing similar:

1. Norms and values
2. Cultures
3. Lifestyles

Question 5

There are several ways to define class.
One definition of class is that class is a group who share a similar economic and social situation.
Social class is arguably a very significant aspect of identity.
Social class will clearly affect the economic circumstances of an individual's upbringing and related issues, such as housing, health and schooling.
However, it is argued that this will also lead to a social class developing similar norms and values, cultures and lifestyles.
This may affect what?

Answer 5

This may affect an individual’s identity

Question 6

There are several ways to define class.
One definition of class is that class is a group who share a similar economic and social situation.
Social class is arguably a very significant aspect of identity.
Social class will clearly affect the economic circumstances of an individual's upbringing and related issues, such as housing, health and schooling.
However, it is argued that this will also lead to a social class developing similar norms and values, cultures and lifestyles.
This may affect an individual's identity: How what?

Answer 6

This may affect an individual’s identity: How:

1. They see themselves
2. Others see them

Question 7

There are several ways to define class.
One definition of class is that class is a group who share a similar economic and social situation.
Social class is arguably a very significant aspect of identity.
Social class will clearly affect the economic circumstances of an individual’s upbringing and related issues, such as housing, health and schooling.
However, it is argued that this will also lead to a social class developing similar norms and values, cultures and lifestyles.
This may affect an individual’s identity: How they see themselves and how others see them.
Class identity can be seen as a product of what?

Answer 7

Class identity can be seen as a product of socialisation

Question 8

There are several ways to define class.
One definition of class is that class is a group who share a similar economic and social situation.
Social class is arguably a very significant aspect of identity.
Social class will clearly affect the economic circumstances of an individual’s upbringing and related issues, such as housing, health and schooling.
However, it is argued that this will also lead to a social class developing similar norms and values, cultures and lifestyles.
This may affect an individual’s identity: How they see themselves and how others see them.
Class identity can be seen as a product of socialisation, how?

Answer 8

Class identity can be seen as a product of socialisation:

1. Started in the family
2. Related to cultural characteristics

Question 9

There are several ways to define class.
One definition of class is that class is a group who share a similar economic and social situation.
Social class is arguably a very significant aspect of identity.
Social class will clearly affect the economic circumstances of an individual's upbringing and related issues, such as housing, health and schooling.
However, it is argued that this will also lead to a social class developing similar norms and values, cultures and lifestyles.
This may affect an individual's identity: How they see themselves and how others see them.
Class identity can be seen as a product of socialisation, started in the family and related to cultural characteristics such as what?

Answer 9

Class identity can be seen as a product of socialisation, started in the family and related to cultural characteristics such as:

1. Education
2. Occupation
3. Lifestyle
4. Taste

Question 10

Some systems of stratification are based on what?

Answer 10

Some systems of stratification are based on the idea of ascribed status

Question 11

Some systems of stratification are based on the idea of ascribed status.
What is this?

Answer 11

This is that your position in society is given to you at birth

Question 12

Some systems of stratification are based on the idea of ascribed status.
This is that your position in society is given to you at birth.
Other systems are based on the idea that individuals can do what?

Answer 12

Other systems are based on the idea that individuals can achieve their position in society

Question 13

Some systems of stratification are based on the idea of ascribed status.
This is that your position in society is given to you at birth.
Other systems are based on the idea that individuals can achieve their position in society, for example how?

Answer 13

Other systems are based on the idea that individuals can achieve their position in society, for example through:

1. Hard work
2. Education

Question 14

Sociologists often define social class according to what?

Answer 14

Sociologists often define social class according to the job that someone does

Question 15

Sociologists often define social class according to the job that someone does.
We all have a social class of what (based on our what)?

Answer 15

We all have a social class of origin (based on our family)

Question 16

Sociologists often define social class according to the job that someone does.
We all have a social class of origin (based on our family), but when we get a job, we will have what?

Answer 16

We all have a social class of origin (based on our family), but when we get a job, we will have a social class that we have achieved

Question 17

Social class is the main form of what in what society?

Answer 17

Social class is the main form of social stratification in British society

Question 18

Class identity

Answer 18

Class identity is the sense of:
1. Identity
2. Interest
that comes from the type of work people do

Question 19

Class identity is the sense of identity and interest that comes from the type of work people do.
They may share similar what?

Answer 19

They may share similar:

1. Values
2. Interests

Question 20

The upper class generally have what in society and good what?

Answer 20

The upper class generally have:

1. A good status and reputation in society
2. Good housing

Question 21

The upper class generally have a good status and reputation in society and good housing.
They have a say in what?

Answer 21

The upper class have a say in when they’re going to go to work

Question 22

The upper class generally have a good status and reputation in society and good housing.
The upper class have a say in when they're going to go to work, because most of them are what?

Answer 22

The upper class have a say in when they’re going to go to work, because most of them are self-employed

Question 23

The upper class generally have a good status and reputation in society and good housing.
The upper class have a say in when they're going to go to work, because most of them are self-employed.
The upper class are usually what, so they can spend more time with their children?

Answer 23

The upper class are usually owners, so they can spend more time with their children

Question 24

The working class generally do what work?

Answer 24

The working class generally do shift work

Question 25

The working class generally do shift work.
The working class work long shifts for little pay or do what?

Answer 25

The working class work:
1. Long shifts for little pay
Or,
2. Night shifts

Question 26

The working class generally do shift work.
The working class work long shifts for little pay or night shifts and then sleep all day when their children are what all day?

Answer 26

The working class work long shifts for little pay or night shifts and then sleep all day when their children are at school all day

Question 27

The working class generally do shift work.
The working class work long shifts for little pay or night shifts and then sleep all day when their children are at school all day, so they get what?

Answer 27

The working class work:
1. Long shifts for little pay
Or,
2. Night shifts and then sleep all day when their children are at school all day
,so they get less time with their family

Question 28

The working class generally do shift work.
The working class work long shifts for little pay or night shifts and then sleep all day when their children are at school all day, so they get less time with their family.
The working class probably have what to make ends meet?

Answer 28

The working class probably have 2 jobs to make ends meet

Question 29

Social mobility

Answer 29

Social mobility is the movement of individuals, families or households:
1. Within
Or,
2. Between
social strata in a society

Question 30

Who speaks about the concept of class reproduction?

Answer 30

Crompton speaks about the concept of class reproduction

Question 31

Crompton speaks about the concept of class reproduction.
What is this?

Answer 31

Class reproduction is that there is hardly any social mobility taking place, because you’re born into your class

Question 32

Meritocracy

Answer 32

Meritocracy is a Functionalist concept that achieving things in life is all to do with hard work

Question 33

Cultural characteristics of the upper class include what?
6 things

Answer 33

Cultural characteristics of the upper class include:

1. Privileged
2. Sense of superiority
3. High culture
4. Private school education
5. Tradition, etiquette and hierarchy
6. Hostility towards socialism

Question 34

Cultural characteristics of the middle class include what?
6 things

Answer 34

Cultural characteristics of the middle class include:

1. Communicates position via conspicuous consumption
2. Concern over what others think
3. Emphasis on decency, respectability and social control
4. Deferred gratification
5. Cultural, economic and social capital
6. Educational achievement very important

Question 35

Cultural characteristics of the working class include what?
6 things

Answer 35

Cultural characteristics of the working class include:

1. Share a common interest - shared community
2. Collectivism
3. Political and social difference
4. Traditional ideas about masculinity and femininity
5. Extended family support
6. Immediate gratification

Question 36

According to who, a Marxist, ‘class what’ are determined by what?

Answer 36

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of:
1. Cultural
2. Economic
3. Social
capital

Question 37

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The what (ruling) class has the power to do what?

Answer 37

The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued

Question 38

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to do what?

Answer 38

The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to:
1. Acquire
2. Pass on
capital to their children

Question 39

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
What is cultural capital?

Answer 39

Cultural capital is the:

1. Knowledge
2. Attitudes
3. Skills
4. Education
5. Advantages that a person has

Question 40

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
Cultural capital is the knowledge, attitudes, skills, education and advantages that a person has, that gives them what?

Answer 40

Cultural capital is the:
1. Knowledge
2. Attitudes
3. Skills
4. Education
5. Advantages that a person has
,that gives them a higher status in society

Question 41

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, ‘class fractions’ are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
Cultural capital is the knowledge, attitudes, skills, education and advantages that a person has, that gives them a higher status in society.
Cultural capital is linked to what?

Answer 41

Cultural capital is linked to:

1. Habitus
2. Immediate or deferred gratification

Question 42

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
What is economic capital?

Answer 42

Economic capital is economic resources

Question 43

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
Economic capital is economic resources, such as what?

Answer 43

Economic capital is economic resources, such as:

1. Money/cash
2. Assets

Question 44

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
Economic capital is economic resources, such as money/cash and assets (what)?

Answer 44

Economic capital is economic resources, such as:
1. Money/cash
2. Assets
(possessions)

Question 45

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, ‘class fractions’ are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
Economic capital is economic resources, such as money/cash and assets (possessions).
Economic capital is linked to what?

Answer 45

Economic capital is linked to:
1. Ascribed
2. Achieved
status

Question 46

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, ‘class fractions’ are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
Economic capital is economic resources, such as money/cash and assets (possessions).
Economic capital is linked to ascribed and achieved status.
Ascribed status is having what it?

Answer 46

Ascribed status is having inherited it

Question 47

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, ‘class fractions’ are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
Economic capital is economic resources, such as money/cash and assets (possessions).
Economic capital is linked to ascribed and achieved status.
Ascribed status is having inherited it, which links to who?

Answer 47

Ascribed status is having inherited it, which links to Crompton

Question 48

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
What is social capital?

Answer 48

Social capital is:

1. Networking
2. Resources

Question 49

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
Social capital is networking and resources based on what?

Answer 49

Social capital is networking and resources based on:

1. Group membership
2. Relationships
3. Networks of influence
4. Support

Question 50

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
These types of capital are associated with those of the what class?

Answer 50

These types of capital are associated with those of the higher class

Question 51

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
These types of capital are associated with those of the higher class.
These types of capital are what?

Answer 51

These types of capital are interrelated

Question 52

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
These types of capital are associated with those of the higher class.
These types of capital are interrelated and someone with what is more likely to be able to do what as well?

Answer 52

These types of capital are interrelated and someone with high levels of one type of capital is more likely to be able to attain the others as well

Question 53

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
These types of capital are associated with those of the higher class.
These types of capital are interrelated and someone with high levels of one type of capital is more likely to be able to attain the others as well.
However, what capital is the most significant for Bourdieu?

Answer 53

Cultural capital is the most significant for Bourdieu

Question 54

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
These types of capital are associated with those of the higher class.
These types of capital are interrelated and someone with high levels of one type of capital is more likely to be able to attain the others as well.
However, cultural capital is the most significant for Bourdieu, because parents do what?

Answer 54

Cultural capital is the most significant for Bourdieu, because parents provide their children with cultural capital

Question 55

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
These types of capital are associated with those of the higher class.
These types of capital are interrelated and someone with high levels of one type of capital is more likely to be able to attain the others as well.
However, cultural capital is the most significant for Bourdieu, because parents provide their children with cultural capital by doing what?

Answer 55

Cultural capital is the most significant for Bourdieu, because parents provide their children with cultural capital by transmitting the:
1. Attitudes
2. Knowledge
needed to succeed in the current educational system

Question 56

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, 'class fractions' are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
These types of capital are associated with those of the higher class.
These types of capital are interrelated and someone with high levels of one type of capital is more likely to be able to attain the others as well.
However, cultural capital is the most significant for Bourdieu, because parents provide their children with cultural capital by transmitting the attitudes and knowledge needed to succeed in the current educational system, such as what?

Answer 56

Cultural capital is the most significant for Bourdieu, because parents provide their children with cultural capital by transmitting the attitudes and knowledge needed to succeed in the current educational system, such as:

1. The right ways of speaking and behaving in different circumstances
2. Knowledge of ‘high culture’
3. Etiquette
4. Confidence in different social situations

Question 57

According to Pierre Bourdieu, a Marxist, ‘class fractions’ are determined by varying degrees of cultural, economic and social capital.
The dominant (ruling) class has the power to shape which attributes are valued and are in a position to acquire and pass on capital to their children.
These types of capital are associated with those of the higher class.
These types of capital are interrelated and someone with high levels of one type of capital is more likely to be able to attain the others as well.
However, cultural capital is the most significant for Bourdieu, because parents provide their children with cultural capital by transmitting the attitudes and knowledge needed to succeed in the current educational system, such as the right ways of speaking and behaving in different circumstances, knowledge of ‘high culture,’ etiquette and confidence in different social situations.
Those with high levels of cultural capital will be what?

Answer 57

Those with high levels of cultural capital will be in a position to accumulate the other forms of capital, too

Question 58

Bourdieu, as a Marxist, argued that it is what that allows them to define the what that are valued?

Answer 58

Bourdieu, as a Marxist, argued that it is the power of the ruling class that allows them to define the:
1. Knowledge
2. Skills
that are valued

Question 59

Bourdieu, as a Marxist, argued that it is the power of the ruling class that allows them to define the knowledge and skills that are valued and to ensure that they, and their children, are what and do what?

Answer 59

Bourdieu, as a Marxist, argued that it is the power of the ruling class that allows them to:

1. Define the knowledge and skills that are valued
2. Ensure that they, and their children, are in the best position to acquire them and succeed

Question 60

Bourdieu, as a Marxist, argued that it is the power of the ruling class that allows them to define the knowledge and skills that are valued and to ensure that they, and their children, are in the best position to acquire them and succeed, giving them what?

Answer 60

Bourdieu, as a Marxist, argued that it is the power of the ruling class that allows them to:
1. Define the knowledge and skills that are valued
2. Ensure that they, and their children, are in the best position to acquire them and succeed
,giving them an unfair advantage

Question 61

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual's social class include:
1. M?

Answer 61

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include money/income

Question 62

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. P - What?

Answer 62

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include possessions -

1. Cars
2. Gadgets

Question 63

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. H?

Answer 63

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include houses

Question 64

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The what?

Answer 64

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include houses - The:

1. Type
2. Size
3. Area

Question 65

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. L, l, h and what habits?

Answer 65

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:

1. Lifestyle
2. Leisure
3. Hobbies
4. Television habits

Question 66

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. H?

Answer 66

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include holidays

Question 67

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
he upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. D?

Answer 67

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include dress/style

Question 68

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
he upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The working class are associated with Debenhams, Topshop and Primark.
The underclass are associated with quantity rather than quality.
7. A?

Answer 68

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include accent/speech

Question 69

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
he upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The working class are associated with Debenhams, Topshop and Primark.
The underclass are associated with quantity rather than quality.
7. Accent/speech.
The upper/middle class are associated with full sentences, a high standard of English and a posh accent, for example pronouncing ‘glass’ as ‘glaaas.’
The working and underclass are associated with no accent, slang, for example ‘innit,’ and swearing.
8. N and v?

Answer 69

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:

1. Norms
2. Values

Question 70

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
he upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The working class are associated with Debenhams, Topshop and Primark.
The underclass are associated with quantity rather than quality.
7. Accent/speech.
The upper/middle class are associated with full sentences, a high standard of English and a posh accent, for example pronouncing ‘glass’ as ‘glaaas.’
The working and underclass are associated with no accent, slang, for example ‘innit,’ and swearing.
8. Norms and values.
9. O?

Answer 70

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include occupation

Question 71

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
he upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The working class are associated with Debenhams, Topshop and Primark.
The underclass are associated with quantity rather than quality.
7. Accent/speech.
The upper/middle class are associated with full sentences, a high standard of English and a posh accent, for example pronouncing ‘glass’ as ‘glaaas.’
The working and underclass are associated with no accent, slang, for example ‘innit,’ and swearing.
8. Norms and values.
9. Occupation, since occupation is a what way used to do what?

Answer 71

Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual's social class include occupation, since occupation is a traditional way used to:
1. Measure
Or,
2. Assess
social class

Question 72

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to what, people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through what?

Answer 72

It can be argued that due to:
1. Popular culture
Or,
2. The 'bulimic' society (Jock Young)
,people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand

Question 73

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with what?

Answer 73

The upper class are associated with high culture

Question 74

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing what?

Answer 74

For example, playing:

1. Tennis
2. Golf
3. Polo

Question 75

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with what?

Answer 75

The working/under class are associated with popular culture

Question 76

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, doing what?

Answer 76

For example:

1. Football
2. Snooker at the pub
3. Watching soaps

Question 77

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays where?

Answer 77

The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in:

1. 5 and 4 star villas
2. Hotels with a scenic view
3. Foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba

Question 78

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having what holidays where?

Answer 78

The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in:

1. Ireland
2. Majorca
3. Spain

Question 79

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays where?

Answer 79

The under class are associated with having holidays in:

1. Skegness
2. Devon and Cornwall
3. Butlins

Question 80

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with what?

Answer 80

The upper/working class are associated with:

1. Designer suits and dresses
2. Expensive watches
3. Quality rather than quantity

Question 81

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The middle class are associated with what?

Answer 81

The middle class are associated with:

1. Debenhams
2. Topshop
3. Primark

Question 82

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The working class are associated with Debenhams, Topshop and Primark.
The underclass are associated with what?

Answer 82

The underclass are associated with:

1. Primark
2. Quantity rather than quality

Question 83

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The working class are associated with Debenhams, Topshop and Primark.
The underclass are associated with Primark and quantity rather than quality.
7. Accent/speech.
The upper/middle class are associated with what?

Answer 83

The upper/middle class are associated with:

1. Full sentences
2. A high standard of English
3. A posh accent

Question 84

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The working class are associated with Debenhams, Topshop and Primark.
The underclass are associated with Primark and quantity rather than quality.
7. Accent/speech.
The upper/middle class are associated with full sentences, a high standard of English and a posh accent, for example what?

Answer 84

The upper/middle class are associated with:

1. Full sentences
2. A high standard of English
3. A posh accent, for example pronouncing ‘glass’ as ‘glaaas’

Question 85

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The working class are associated with Debenhams, Topshop and Primark.
The underclass are associated with Primark and quantity rather than quality.
7. Accent/speech.
The upper/middle class are associated with full sentences, a high standard of English and a posh accent, for example pronouncing ‘glass’ as ‘glaaas.’
The working and underclass are associated with what?

Answer 85

The working and underclass are associated with:

1. No accent
2. Slang
3. Swearing

Question 86

How is social class judged?
Some of the things that are considered to judge an individual’s social class include:
1. Money/income.
2. Possessions - Cars and gadgets.
It can be argued that due to popular culture or the ‘bulimic’ society (Jock Young), people of lower classes are able to get the latest cars and gadgets through theft or second-hand.
3. Houses - The type, the size and the area.
4. Lifestyle, leisure, hobbies and television habits.
The upper class are associated with high culture.
For example, playing tennis, golf and polo.
The working/under class are associated with popular culture.
For example, football, snooker at the pub and watching soaps.
5. Holidays.
The upper/middle class are associated with having holidays in 5 and 4 star villas, hotels with a scenic view and foreign countries such as New York, Rome and Cuba.
The working class are associated with having 3 star holidays in Ireland, Majorca and Spain.
The underclass are associated with having holidays in Skegness, Devon and Cornwall and Butlins.
6. Dress/style.
The upper/working class are associated with designer suits and dresses, expensive watches and quality rather than quantity.
The working class are associated with Debenhams, Topshop and Primark.
The underclass are associated with Primark and quantity rather than quality.
7. Accent/speech.
The upper/middle class are associated with full sentences, a high standard of English and a posh accent, for example pronouncing ‘glass’ as ‘glaaas.’
The working and underclass are associated with no accent, slang, for example what, and swearing?

Answer 86

The working and underclass are associated with:

1. No accent
2. Slang, for example ‘innit’
3. Swearing

Question 87

Occupation is a traditional way used to measure or assess social class.
Social grade A:
The upper middle class are what?

Answer 87

The upper middle class are:
1. Higher managerial, administrative or professional professions
Or,
2. Doctors and lawyers

Question 88

Occupation is a traditional way used to measure or assess social class.
Social grade B:
The middle class are what?

Answer 88

The middle class are:
1. Intermediate managerial, administrative or professional professions
Or,
2. Managers and teachers

Question 89

Occupation is a traditional way used to measure or assess social class.
Social grade C1:
The lower middle class are what?

Answer 89

The lower middle class are:

1. Non-manual workers
2. Office workers

Question 90

Occupation is a traditional way used to measure or assess social class.
Social grade C2:
The skilled working class are what?

Answer 90

The skilled working class are:

1. Skilled manual workers
2. Plumbers
3. Electricians

Question 91

Occupation is a traditional way used to measure or assess social class.
Social grade D:
The working class are what?

Answer 91

The working class are:

1. Semi-skilled and unskilled manual workers
2. Shop assistants
3. Farm and building site labourers

Question 92

Occupation is a traditional way used to measure or assess social class.
Social grade E:
The unemployed/receiving benefits are what?

Answer 92

The unemployed/receiving benefits are:

1. Casual workers
2. Pensioners and others who depend on the state for their income

Question 93

Occupation is a traditional way used to measure or assess social class.
Social grade E:
The unemployed/receiving benefits are casual workers and pensioners and others who depend on the state for their income.
What are casual workers?

Answer 93

Casual workers are people who are not in regular employment

Question 94

The main classes in the UK are traditionally identified as what?

Answer 94

The main classes in the UK are traditionally identified as the:

1. Upper class
2. Middle class
3. Working class

Question 95

The main classes in the UK are traditionally identified as the upper class, the middle class and the working class.
However, doing what is not easy and not everyone will do what?

Answer 95

Defining these 3 classes is not easy and not everyone will identify themselves as belonging to one of them

Question 96

The main classes in the UK are traditionally identified as the upper class, the middle class and the working class.
However, defining these 3 classes is not easy and not everyone will identify themselves as belonging to one of them.
More recently, sociologists have done what?

Answer 96

More recently, sociologists have identified other groups

Question 97

The main classes in the UK are traditionally identified as the upper class, the middle class and the working class.
However, defining these 3 classes is not easy and not everyone will identify themselves as belonging to one of them.
More recently, sociologists have identified other groups such as what?

Answer 97

More recently, sociologists have identified other groups such as the:

1. Super-rich
2. Underclass

Question 98

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with what?

Answer 98

Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth

Question 99

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of what?

Answer 99

Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land

Question 100

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Who (what year) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their what?

Answer 100

Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility

Question 101

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate what?

Answer 101

The upper class operate ‘social closure’

Question 102

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate 'social closure,' meaning what?

Answer 102

The upper class operate ‘social closure,’ meaning that their:
1. Education
2. Leisure time
3. Daily lives
are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population

Question 103

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate 'social closure,' meaning that their education (what), leisure time and daily lives are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population?

Answer 103

The upper class operate ‘social closure,’ meaning that their:
1. Education (private and boarding schools)
2. Leisure time
3. Daily lives
are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population

Question 104

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate 'social closure,' meaning that their education (private and boarding schools), leisure time (doing what) and daily lives are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population?

Answer 104

The upper class operate ‘social closure,’ meaning that their:
1. Education (private and boarding schools)
2. Leisure time (Being part of exclusive clubs and taking part in activities that are largely inaccessible/unknown to the majority)
3. Daily lives
are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population

Question 105

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate 'social closure,' meaning that their education (private and boarding schools), leisure time (being part of exclusive clubs and taking part in activities that are largely inaccessible/unknown to the majority, such as what) and daily lives are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population?

Answer 105

The upper class operate ‘social closure,’ meaning that their:
1. Education (private and boarding schools)
2. Leisure time (Being part of exclusive clubs and taking part in activities that are largely inaccessible/unknown to the majority, such as opera, polo and hunting)
3. Daily lives
are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population

Question 106

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate ‘social closure,’ meaning that their education (private and boarding schools), leisure time (being part of exclusive clubs and taking part in activities that are largely inaccessible/unknown to the majority, such as opera, polo and hunting) and daily lives are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population.
The upper class create a boundary between other classes and exclude other classes.
For example, they go to boarding schools, while the majority go to public, mainstream schools.
However, it is argued that this group is what?

Answer 106

It is argued that this group is declining in:

1. Numbers
2. Power

Question 107

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate ‘social closure,’ meaning that their education (private and boarding schools), leisure time (being part of exclusive clubs and taking part in activities that are largely inaccessible/unknown to the majority, such as opera, polo and hunting) and daily lives are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population.
The upper class create a boundary between other classes and exclude other classes.
For example, they go to boarding schools, while the majority go to public, mainstream schools.
However, it is argued that this group is declining in numbers and power and that the new ‘super-rich,’ based on what, are now much more what?

Answer 107

It is argued that that:

1. This group is declining in numbers and power
2. The new ‘super-rich,’ based on achieved rather than ascribed (inherited) status, are now much more significant

Question 108

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate ‘social closure,’ meaning that their education (private and boarding schools), leisure time (being part of exclusive clubs and taking part in activities that are largely inaccessible/unknown to the majority, such as opera, polo and hunting) and daily lives are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population.
The upper class create a boundary between other classes and exclude other classes.
For example, they go to boarding schools, while the majority go to public, mainstream schools.
However, it is argued that this group is declining in numbers and power and that the new ‘super-rich,’ based on achieved rather than ascribed (inherited) status (for example who), are now much more significant?

Answer 108

It is argued that that:

1. This group is declining in numbers and power
2. The new ‘super-rich,’ based on achieved rather than ascribed (inherited) status (for example Lord Alan Sugar), are now much more significant

Question 109

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as what by many?

Answer 109

The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many

Question 110

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Who (a what) famously said what?

Answer 110

Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, ‘We are all middle class now’

Question 111

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, 'We are all middle class now.'
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have what careers?

Answer 111

Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have:
1. Professional
Or,
2. Managerial
careers

Question 112

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, 'We are all middle class now.'
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been what and to do what?

Answer 112

They are likely to:

1. Have been university-educated
2. Own their own homes

Question 113

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, ‘We are all middle class now.’
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been university-educated and to own their own homes.
However, these features now apply to more and more of the population as what?

Answer 113

These features now apply to more and more of the population as:

1. Access to home ownership and university education has spread
2. More people are self-employed
3. There are fewer people working in manual jobs or trades

Question 114

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, ‘We are all middle class now.’
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been university-educated and to own their own homes.
However, these features now apply to more and more of the population as access to home ownership and university education has spread, more people are self-employed and there are fewer people working in manual jobs or trades.
Because of this, the middle class is a very what group?

Answer 114

Because of this, the middle class is a very diverse group

Question 115

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, ‘We are all middle class now.’
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been university-educated and to own their own homes.
However, these features now apply to more and more of the population as access to home ownership and university education has spread, more people are self-employed and there are fewer people working in manual jobs or trades.
Because of this, the middle class is a very diverse group, containing what?

Answer 115

Because of this, the middle class is a very diverse group, containing a wide variety of people with very different:

1. Incomes
2. Attitudes
3. Lifestyles

Question 116

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, ‘We are all middle class now.’
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been university-educated and to own their own homes.
However, these features now apply to more and more of the population as access to home ownership and university education has spread, more people are self-employed and there are fewer people working in manual jobs or trades.
Because of this, the middle class is a very diverse group, containing a wide variety of people with very different incomes, attitudes and lifestyles.
Who (what year) discusses what to highlight what?

Answer 116

Fox (2004) discusses:
1. 'Upper middles'
2. 'Middle middles'
3. 'Lower middles'
to highlight these differences within the middle class

Question 117

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, ‘We are all middle class now.’
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been university-educated and to own their own homes.
However, these features now apply to more and more of the population as access to home ownership and university education has spread, more people are self-employed and there are fewer people working in manual jobs or trades.
Because of this, the middle class is a very diverse group, containing a wide variety of people with very different incomes, attitudes and lifestyles.
Fox (2004) discusses ‘upper middles’, ‘middle middles’ and ‘lower middles’ to highlight these differences within the middle class.
The middle class category has now become so broad, that it can be divided.
There is also likely to be a big difference between what professionals?

Answer 117

There is also likely to be a big difference between:

1. Public sector professionals
2. Private sector professionals

Question 118

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, ‘We are all middle class now.’
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been university-educated and to own their own homes.
However, these features now apply to more and more of the population as access to home ownership and university education has spread, more people are self-employed and there are fewer people working in manual jobs or trades.
Because of this, the middle class is a very diverse group, containing a wide variety of people with very different incomes, attitudes and lifestyles.
Fox (2004) discusses ‘upper middles’, ‘middle middles’ and ‘lower middles’ to highlight these differences within the middle class.
The middle class category has now become so broad, that it can be divided.
There is also likely to be a big difference between public sector professionals, such as what, and private sector professionals?

Answer 118

There is also likely to be a big difference between:

1. Public sector professionals, such as teachers and nurses
2. Private sector professionals

Question 119

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, ‘We are all middle class now.’
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been university-educated and to own their own homes.
However, these features now apply to more and more of the population as access to home ownership and university education has spread, more people are self-employed and there are fewer people working in manual jobs or trades.
Because of this, the middle class is a very diverse group, containing a wide variety of people with very different incomes, attitudes and lifestyles.
Fox (2004) discusses ‘upper middles’, ‘middle middles’ and ‘lower middles’ to highlight these differences within the middle class.
The middle class category has now become so broad, that it can be divided.
There is also likely to be a big difference between public sector professionals, such as teachers and nurses, and private sector professionals, such as what?

Answer 119

There is also likely to be a big difference between:

1. Public sector professionals, such as teachers and nurses
2. Private sector professionals, such as lawyers and bankers

Question 120

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, ‘We are all middle class now.’
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been university-educated and to own their own homes.
However, these features now apply to more and more of the population as access to home ownership and university education has spread, more people are self-employed and there are fewer people working in manual jobs or trades.
Because of this, the middle class is a very diverse group, containing a wide variety of people with very different incomes, attitudes and lifestyles.
Fox (2004) discusses ‘upper middles’, ‘middle middles’ and ‘lower middles’ to highlight these differences within the middle class.
The middle class category has now become so broad, that it can be divided.
There is also likely to be a big difference between public sector professionals, such as teachers and nurses, and private sector professionals, such as lawyers and bankers.
Therefore, it is unlikely that everyone who sees themselves as middle class shares a what?

Answer 120

Therefore, it is unlikely that everyone who sees themselves as middle class shares a common identity

Question 121

The middle class:
The middle class are now seen as the majority of the population by many.
Tony Blair (a previous Labour Prime Minister) famously said, 'We are all middle class now.'
Traditionally, the middle class is associated with those who have professional or managerial careers.
They are likely to have been university-educated and to own their own homes.
However, these features now apply to more and more of the population as access to home ownership and university education has spread, more people are self-employed and there are fewer people working in manual jobs or trades.
Because of this, the middle class is a very diverse group, containing a wide variety of people with very different incomes, attitudes and lifestyles.
Fox (2004) discusses 'upper middles', 'middle middles' and 'lower middles' to highlight these differences within the middle class.
The middle class category has now become so what, that it can be what?

Answer 121

The middle class category has now become so broad, that it can be divided

Question 122

The working class:
The working class used to form what?

Answer 122

The working class used to form the majority of the population

Question 123

The working class:
The working class used to form the majority of the population.
Although it is shrinking, the working class was traditionally made up of what?

Answer 123

Although it is shrinking, the working class was traditionally made up of:

1. Manual workers
2. Those with trades

Question 124

The working class:
The working class used to form the majority of the population.
Although it is shrinking, the working class was traditionally made up of manual workers and those with trades.
However, who (what year) has argued that what has eroded working-class identity?

Answer 124

Hutton (1995) has argued that the:
1. Decline in trade union memberships and the manufacturing sector
2. Dispersal of working-class communities
has eroded working-class identity

Question 125

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often what?

Answer 125

Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised

Question 126

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a what identity?

Answer 126

Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a:
1. Hard-working
2. Straight-talking
3. 'Salt-of-the-earth'
identity

Question 127

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a hard-working, straight-talking, 'salt-of-the-earth' identity, which many, who are clearly middle class in terms of what, still do what?

Answer 127

Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a hard-working, straight-talking, 'salt-of-the-earth' identity, which many, who are clearly middle class in terms of:
1. Education
2. Career
Or,
3. Income
still clamour to claim as their identity

Question 128

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a hard-working, straight-talking, 'salt-of-the-earth' identity, which many, who are clearly middle class in terms of education, career or income, still clamour to claim as their identity.
However, who (what year) studied working-class women?

Answer 128

Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women

Question 129

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a hard-working, straight-talking, 'salt-of-the-earth' identity, which many, who are clearly middle class in terms of education, career or income, still clamour to claim as their identity.
However, Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women who felt what?

Answer 129

Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women who felt humiliated

Question 130

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a hard-working, straight-talking, 'salt-of-the-earth' identity, which many, who are clearly middle class in terms of education, career or income, still clamour to claim as their identity.
However, Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women who felt humiliated by what?

Answer 130

Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women who felt humiliated by the ways in which others:
1. Judged
2. Dismissed
them due to their working-class background

Question 131

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a hard-working, straight-talking, 'salt-of-the-earth' identity, which many, who are clearly middle class in terms of education, career or income, still clamour to claim as their identity.
However, Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women who felt humiliated by the ways in which others, such as who, judged and dismissed them due to their working-class background?

Answer 131

Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women who felt humiliated by the ways in which others, such as teachers and doctors:
1. Judged
2. Dismissed
them due to their working-class background

Question 132

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a hard-working, straight-talking, 'salt-of-the-earth' identity, which many, who are clearly middle class in terms of education, career or income, still clamour to claim as their identity.
However, Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women who felt humiliated by the ways in which others, such as teachers and doctors, judged and dismissed them due to their working-class background.
As a result, the women did what?

Answer 132

As a result, the women made a strenuous effort to show that they were ‘respectable’

Question 133

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a hard-working, straight-talking, 'salt-of-the-earth' identity, which many, who are clearly middle class in terms of education, career or income, still clamour to claim as their identity.
However, Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women who felt humiliated by the ways in which others, such as teachers and doctors, judged and dismissed them due to their working-class background.
As a result, the women made a strenuous effort to show that they were 'respectable,' taking care in what?

Answer 133

As a result, the women made a strenuous effort to show that they were ‘respectable,’ taking care in:

1. How they dressed (‘Do I look common in this?’)
2. Their leisure pursuits
3. Home decorations

Question 134

The working class:
Unlike the underclass, the working class are often romanticised as a hard-working, straight-talking, 'salt-of-the-earth' identity, which many, who are clearly middle class in terms of education, career or income, still clamour to claim as their identity.
However, Skeggs (1997) studied working-class women who felt humiliated by the ways in which others, such as teachers and doctors, judged and dismissed them due to their working-class background.
As a result, the women made a strenuous effort to show that they were 'respectable,' taking care in how they dressed ('Do I look common in this?'), their leisure pursuits and home decorations to do what?

Answer 134

As a result, the women made a strenuous effort to show that they were ‘respectable,’ taking care in:
1. How they dressed (‘Do I look common in this?’)
2. Their leisure pursuits
3. Home decorations
to avoid this humiliation

Question 135

The underclass:
The underclass is a what term?

Answer 135

The underclass is a controversial term

Question 136

The underclass:
The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would what?

Answer 136

The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would consciously identify themselves as a member of the underclass

Question 137

The underclass:
The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would consciously identify themselves as a member of the underclass.
The term was originally used by sociologists from what perspectives?

Answer 137

The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives

Question 138

The underclass:
The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would consciously identify themselves as a member of the underclass.
The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives who wanted to draw attention to what?

Answer 138

The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives who wanted to draw attention to the social exclusion experienced by those who were at the very bottom of society

Question 139

The underclass:
The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would consciously identify themselves as a member of the underclass.
The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives who wanted to draw attention to the social exclusion experienced by those who were at the very bottom of society and who lacked what?

Answer 139

The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives who wanted to draw attention to the social exclusion experienced by those who were at the very bottom of society and who lacked opportunities in terms of:

1. Education
2. Health
3. Earning potential

Question 140

The underclass:
The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would consciously identify themselves as a member of the underclass.
The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives who wanted to draw attention to the social exclusion experienced by those who were at the very bottom of society and who lacked opportunities in terms of education, health and earning potential.
However, the term is now often used in a what way?

Answer 140

The term is now often used in a negative way

Question 141

The underclass:
The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would consciously identify themselves as a member of the underclass.
The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives who wanted to draw attention to the social exclusion experienced by those who were at the very bottom of society and who lacked opportunities in terms of education, health and earning potential.
However, the term is now often used in a negative way to describe those who what?

Answer 141

The term is now often used in a negative way to describe those who:

1. Rely on benefits
2. Are blamed for their own situation due to the choices they have made

Question 142

The underclass:
The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would consciously identify themselves as a member of the underclass.
The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives who wanted to draw attention to the social exclusion experienced by those who were at the very bottom of society and who lacked opportunities in terms of education, health and earning potential.
However, the term is now often used in a negative way to describe those who rely on benefits and who are blamed for their own situation due to the choices they have made.
The underclass is particularly associated with who (what year)

Answer 142

The underclass is particularly associated with Murray (1984)

Question 143

The underclass:
The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would consciously identify themselves as a member of the underclass.
The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives who wanted to draw attention to the social exclusion experienced by those who were at the very bottom of society and who lacked opportunities in terms of education, health and earning potential.
However, the term is now often used in a negative way to describe those who rely on benefits and who are blamed for their own situation due to the choices they have made.
The underclass is particularly associated with Murray (1984), who argues that what encourage some people to develop a dependency culture, or set of norms and values, in which they what?

Answer 143

The underclass is particularly associated with Murray (1984), who argues that over-generous benefits encourage some people to develop a dependency culture, or set of norms and values, in which they:

1. Do not take responsibility for their own actions
2. Have an expectation that they will be looked after by the state

Question 144

The underclass:
The underclass is a controversial term and it is unlikely that many would consciously identify themselves as a member of the underclass.
The term was originally used by sociologists from conflict perspectives who wanted to draw attention to the social exclusion experienced by those who were at the very bottom of society and who lacked opportunities in terms of education, health and earning potential.
However, the term is now often used in a negative way to describe those who rely on benefits and who are blamed for their own situation due to the choices they have made.
The underclass is particularly associated with Murray (1984), who argues that over-generous benefits encourage some people to develop a dependency culture, or set of norms and values, in which they do not take responsibility for their own actions and have an expectation that they will be looked after by the state, leading to what?

Answer 144

The underclass is particularly associated with Murray (1984), who argues that over-generous benefits encourage some people to develop a dependency culture, or set of norms and values, in which they:
1. Do not take responsibility for their own actions
2. Have an expectation that they will be looked after by the state
,leading to an increase in underclass people

Question 145

Governments are unsurprisingly concerned about what?

Answer 145

Governments are unsurprisingly concerned about the underclass

Question 146

Governments are unsurprisingly concerned about the underclass and have put policies in place such as what?

Answer 146

Governments:

1. Are unsurprisingly concerned about the underclass
2. Have put policies in place such as the raising of the school-leaving age

Question 147

Governments are unsurprisingly concerned about the underclass and have put policies in place such as the raising of the school-leaving age, so more individuals what?

Answer 147

Governments are unsurprisingly concerned about the underclass and have put policies in place such as the raising of the school-leaving age, so more individuals:

1. Are skilled
2. Can work
3. Are not as dependent on the state

Question 148

The underclass:
The underclass are often portrayed how in the media?

Answer 148

The underclass are often portrayed in very negative ways in the media

Question 149

The underclass:
The underclass are often portrayed in very negative ways in the media through shows such as what?

Answer 149

The underclass are often portrayed in very negative ways in the media through shows such as:

1. The Jeremy Kyle Show
2. Shameless
3. Benefits Street

Question 150

What such as who (what year) suggest that there has been a shift from what in the definition of identities?

Answer 150

Postmodernists such as Pakulski and Waters (1996) suggest that there has been a shift from production to consumption in the definition of identities

Question 151

Postmodernists such as Pakulski and Waters (1996) suggest that there has been a shift from production to consumption in the definition of identities - We are now judged and defined by what, not what?

Answer 151

Postmodernists such as Pakulski and Waters (1996) suggest that there has been a shift from production to consumption in the definition of identities - We are now judged and defined by what we:
1. Buy
,not
2. Do

Question 152

Postmodernists such as Pakulski and Waters (1996) suggest that there has been a shift from production to consumption in the definition of identities - We are now judged and defined by what we buy, not what we do, because of what?

Answer 152

Postmodernists such as Pakulski and Waters (1996) suggest that there has been a shift from production to consumption in the definition of identities - We are now judged and defined by what we:
1. Buy
,not
2. Do
,because of consumer culture

Question 153

Postmodernists such as Pakulski and Waters (1996) suggest that there has been a shift from production to consumption in the definition of identities - We are now judged and defined by what we buy, not what we do, because of consumer culture.
Who says that brands are no longer about what, but more about what?

Answer 153

Niaomi Klein says that brands are no longer about:
1. Quality
,but more about
2. What it says about that individual

Question 154

Who (what year) argues that in today’s society, fewer and fewer individuals share what?

Answer 154

Offe (1985) argues that in today’s society, fewer and fewer individuals share a common, unifying experience of full-time work

Question 155

Offe (1985) argues that in today’s society, fewer and fewer individuals share a common, unifying experience of full-time work - the experience that used to do what?

Answer 155

Offe (1985) argues that in today’s society, fewer and fewer individuals share a common, unifying experience of full-time work - the experience that used to shape the culture of social classes

Question 156

Offe (1985) argues that in today’s society, fewer and fewer individuals share a common, unifying experience of full-time work - the experience that used to shape the culture of social classes.
The days when people had a job for how long have gone?

Answer 156

The days when people had a job for life have gone

Question 157

Offe (1985) argues that in today’s society, fewer and fewer individuals share a common, unifying experience of full-time work - the experience that used to shape the culture of social classes.
The days when people had a job for life have gone and we are all able to do what regardless of what?

Answer 157

The days when people had a job for life have gone and we are all able to create our own identities regardless of the:

1. Social class of our families
2. Particular level of qualifications or job we may have at any one time

Question 158

The contemporary UK gives what to everyone?

Answer 158

The contemporary UK gives:
1. Choices
2. Opportunities
to everyone

Question 159

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been what in the past?

Answer 159

The contemporary UK gives:
1. Choices
2. Opportunities
to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past

Question 160

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as what?

Answer 160

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as the possibility of:

1. Going to university
2. Travelling
3. Starting your own business
4. Owning your own home

Question 161

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as the possibility of going to university, travelling, starting your own business and owning your own home.
The media also gives access to what?

Answer 161

The media also gives access to an endless range of:

1. Information
2. Cultural experiences

Question 162

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as the possibility of going to university, travelling, starting your own business and owning your own home.
The media also gives access to an endless range of information and cultural experiences and has broken down what?

Answer 162

The media also:

1. Gives access to an endless range of information and cultural experiences
2. Has broken down many social and class-based barriers that may have existed even 30 years ago

Question 163

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as the possibility of going to university, travelling, starting your own business and owning your own home.
The media also gives access to an endless range of information and cultural experiences and has broken down many social and class-based barriers that may have existed even 30 years ago.
However, not everyone would agree that today’s society is as what as it seems?

Answer 163

Not everyone would agree that today’s society is as class-free as it seems

Question 164

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as the possibility of going to university, travelling, starting your own business and owning your own home.
The media also gives access to an endless range of information and cultural experiences and has broken down many social and class-based barriers that may have existed even 30 years ago.
However, not everyone would agree that today's society is as class-free as it seems.
Social class background remains the what?

Answer 164

Social class background remains the most significant indicator of outcomes

Question 165

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as the possibility of going to university, travelling, starting your own business and owning your own home.
The media also gives access to an endless range of information and cultural experiences and has broken down many social and class-based barriers that may have existed even 30 years ago.
However, not everyone would agree that today's society is as class-free as it seems.
Social class background remains the most significant indicator of outcomes such as what?

Answer 165

Social class background remains the most significant indicator of outcomes such as:

1. Education
2. Health
3. Life expectancy

Question 166

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as the possibility of going to university, travelling, starting your own business and owning your own home.
The media also gives access to an endless range of information and cultural experiences and has broken down many social and class-based barriers that may have existed even 30 years ago.
However, not everyone would agree that today's society is as class-free as it seems.
Social class background remains the most significant indicator of outcomes such as education, health and life expectancy and there is still a lot of evidence suggesting a difference in what between people from different what backgrounds?

Answer 166

Social class background remains the most significant indicator of outcomes such as education, health and life expectancy and there is still a lot of evidence suggesting a difference in:
1. Culture
2. Lifestyle
between people from different social and economic backgrounds

Question 167

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as the possibility of going to university, travelling, starting your own business and owning your own home.
The media also gives access to an endless range of information and cultural experiences and has broken down many social and class-based barriers that may have existed even 30 years ago.
However, not everyone would agree that today's society is as class-free as it seems.
Social class background remains the most significant indicator of outcomes such as education, health and life expectancy and there is still a lot of evidence suggesting a difference in culture and lifestyle between people from different social and economic backgrounds.
It is also important to recognise that the ability to do what depends on money?

Answer 167

It is also important to recognise that the ability to:
1. Make choices
2. Take opportunities
depends on money

Question 168

The contemporary UK gives choices and opportunities to everyone, which may have been limited to the privileged few in the past, such as the possibility of going to university, travelling, starting your own business and owning your own home.
The media also gives access to an endless range of information and cultural experiences and has broken down many social and class-based barriers that may have existed even 30 years ago.
However, not everyone would agree that today's society is as class-free as it seems.
Social class background remains the most significant indicator of outcomes such as education, health and life expectancy and there is still a lot of evidence suggesting a difference in culture and lifestyle between people from different social and economic backgrounds.
It is also important to recognise that the ability to make choices and take opportunities depends on money and some sections of the UK population what?

Answer 168

It is also important to recognise that the ability to make choices and take opportunities depends on money and some sections of the UK population:

1. Do not even have access to the internet
2. Are more concerned with struggling to feed their family

Question 169

What classes engage in high culture?

Answer 169

The:
1. Upper class
2. Middle class
engage in high culture

Question 170

What classes engage in popular culture?

Answer 170

The:
1. Working class
2. Underclass
engage in popular culture

Question 171

Who (what year) found that 60% of their sample thought of themselves as what?

Answer 171

Marshall et al. (1988) found that 60% of their sample thought of themselves as belonging to a particular social class

Question 172

Marshall et al. (1988) found that 60% of their sample thought of themselves as belonging to a particular social class.
90% could do what if prompted?

Answer 172

90% of their sample could place themselves in a class if prompted

Question 173

Marshall et al. (1988) found that 60% of their sample thought of themselves as belonging to a particular social class.
90% could place themselves in a class if prompted.
What did 75% agree?

Answer 173

75% agreed that:

1. People are born into a social class
2. It is difficult to move from one class to another

Question 174

Who (what year) found that few of their sample thought Britain was a what society?

Answer 174

Savage et al. (2001) found that few of their sample thought Britain was a classless society

Question 175

Savage et al. (2001) found that few of their sample thought Britain was a classless society.
Most of them were well aware of what?

Answer 175

Most of them were well aware of the strong influence of class in the wider society

Question 176

Savage et al. (2001) found that few of their sample thought Britain was a classless society.
Most of them were well aware of the strong influence of class in the wider society.
However, most saw themselves as what?

Answer 176

Most saw themselves as:

1. ‘Outside’ classes
2. Just ‘ordinary’ individuals

Question 177

Savage et al. (2001) found that few of their sample thought Britain was a classless society.
Most of them were well aware of the strong influence of class in the wider society.
However, most saw themselves as 'outside' classes and just 'ordinary' individuals.
Savage et al. described a what?

Answer 177

Savage et al. described a paradox

Question 178

Savage et al. (2001) found that few of their sample thought Britain was a classless society.
Most of them were well aware of the strong influence of class in the wider society.
However, most saw themselves as 'outside' classes and just 'ordinary' individuals.
Savage et al. described a paradox - Class is what, yet class identities are what?

Answer 178

Savage et al. described a paradox - Class is an important structural force in people’s lives, yet class identities are generally weak

Question 179

The detailed study of what?

Answer 179

The detailed study of the:
1. Social Mobility
2. Child Poverty
Commission 2014

Question 180

The detailed study of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission 2014 found that those who had attended what schools?

Answer 180

The detailed study of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission 2014 found that those who had attended fee-paying schools

Question 181

The detailed study of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission 2014 found that those who had attended fee-paying schools included what?

Answer 181

The detailed study of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission 2014 found that those who had attended fee-paying schools included:

1. 71% of senior judges
2. 62% of senior armed forces officers
3. 44% of the ‘Sunday Times’ Rich list
4. 50% of the House of Lords
5. 33% of MPs

Question 182

Does class still matter?
What would postmodernists say?

Answer 182

Postmodernists would say that:

1. Class does not matter
2. We can be whatever and whoever we want to be

Question 183

The detailed study of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission 2014 found that those who had attended fee-paying schools included 71% of senior judges, 62% of senior armed forces officers, 44% of the ‘Sunday Times’ Rich list, 50% of the House of Lords and 33% of MPs.
However, they make up what % of the UK what as a whole?

Answer 183

They make up just 7% of the UK population as a whole

Question 184

Who speaks about speech codes?

Answer 184

Bernstein speaks about speech codes

Question 185

Bernstein speaks about speech codes.

What speech codes are there?

Answer 185

There are:
1. Elaborate
2. Restricted
speech codes

Question 186

Bernstein speaks about speech codes.
There are elaborate and restricted speech codes.
Elaborate speech codes are mainly associated with who?

Answer 186

Elaborate speech codes are mainly associated with the upper class

Question 187

Bernstein speaks about speech codes.
There are elaborate and restricted speech codes.
Elaborate speech codes are mainly associated with the upper class.
Elaborate speech codes are what?

Answer 187

Elaborate speech codes are:

1. Respectful
2. Formal

Question 188

Bernstein speaks about speech codes.
There are elaborate and restricted speech codes.
Restricted speech codes are mainly associated with who?

Answer 188

Restricted speech codes are mainly associated with the underclass

Question 189

Bernstein speaks about speech codes.
There are elaborate and restricted speech codes.
Restricted speech codes are mainly associated with the underclass.
Restricted speech codes are what and use what?

Answer 189

Restricted speech codes:

1. Are informal
2. Use colloquial language and slang

Question 190

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate 'social closure,' meaning that their education (private and boarding schools), leisure time (being part of exclusive clubs and taking part in activities that are largely inaccessible/unknown to the majority, such as opera, polo and hunting) and daily lives are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population.
What do the upper class create between other classes?

Answer 190

The upper class create a boundary between other classes

Question 191

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate 'social closure,' meaning that their education (private and boarding schools), leisure time (being part of exclusive clubs and taking part in activities that are largely inaccessible/unknown to the majority, such as opera, polo and hunting) and daily lives are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population.
The upper class create a boundary between other classes and exclude what?

Answer 191

The upper class:

1. Create a boundary between other classes
2. Exclude other classes

Question 192

The upper class:
Traditionally, the upper class are those with inherited wealth, often in the form of land.
Mackintosh and Mooney (2004) have pointed out that a key feature of the upper class is their invisibility.
The upper class operate 'social closure,' meaning that their education (private and boarding schools), leisure time (being part of exclusive clubs and taking part in activities that are largely inaccessible/unknown to the majority, such as opera, polo and hunting) and daily lives are separated from and partially invisible to the rest of the population.
The upper class create a boundary between other classes and exclude other classes.
Example

Answer 192

For example:
1. They go to boarding schools
,while
2. The majority go to public, mainstream schools