10. Plants

Question 1

parenchyma

Answer 1

thin cell walls for storage, photosynthesis etc

Question 2

collenchyma

Answer 2

thick byt flexible for mechanical support cell wall

Question 3

sclerenchyma

Answer 3

thick walls.

Question 4

xylem

Answer 4

water from roots up. consists of tracheas (water passes laterally) and vessel elements that are shorter and boxy

Question 5

phloem

Answer 5

sieve tube members to transport sugar. have companion cells (parencyma)

Question 6

epicotyl

Answer 6

top of embryo that becomes shoot tip

Question 7

plummule

Answer 7

young leaves that are attached to epicotyl

Question 8

hypocotyl

Answer 8

young shoot

Question 9

radicles

Answer 9

become root

Question 10

root and shoot growth

Answer 10

apical meristem

Question 11

vascular cambium

Answer 11

gives rise to xylem and phloem. inside is xylem, outside is phloem

Question 12

casperian strip

Answer 12

fatty material in roots that forces water to go between cells

Question 13

pericycle

Answer 13

make roots

Question 14

** review taxa stuff

Answer 14

YES

Question 15

palisade mesophyll is made up of

Answer 15

parenchyma

Question 16

apoplast root pathway

Answer 16

water goes through spaces of cells

Question 17

symplast pathway

Answer 17

water goes through cells

Question 18

stomata opening

Answer 18

done by diffusion of k+ into guard cell

Question 19

pressure flow hypothesis

Answer 19

how water moves in phloem from source to skin
- sugars enter sieve tube from palisade by active transport
2. water enters sieve tube
3. pressure at source moves water and sugars to sink
4 pressure goes down as it reaches sink

Question 20

auxin

Answer 20

plant growth by increasing h+ to loosen cellulose

Question 21

gibberellines

Answer 21

cell growth and promote fruit and seed germination.

Question 22

cytokinins

Answer 22

stimulate cell division and growth of lateral buds (weakens apical dominance) and delay gaining of leaves (senescence)

Question 23

ethylene

Answer 23

gas that ripens stuff. does the h+ thing too.

Question 24

abscisic acid

Answer 24

growth inhibitor. maintains dormancy

Question 25

phytochrome

Answer 25

protein modified with light absorbing chromophore. this is pr and p fr red 9
680) and far red (730)

Question 26

pfr

Answer 26

resets circadian clock

Question 27

circadian thing with pr and pfr

Answer 27

day: both are in eq
night: Pr accumulates cuz there is no sun to convert it to Pfr
morning: light rapidly converts back to eq

Question 28

at night, what happens with adding light

Answer 28

flash of red: shorter night
flash of far red: night length restored to before
** alternating flashes, only last flash counts

Question 29

long day plants

Answer 29

actually short night so summer and spring

Question 30

florigen

Answer 30

flowering hormone