10/7/22 - Quiz 2: Ions, Molecules, and Acids Flashcards
What is the difference between an empirical formula and a molecular formula?
An empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of elements in a compound.
A molecular formula is the actual whole number ratio in a real molecule.
C6H12O6 = molecular, CH2O = empirical
NO2 and N2O4
Which is a molecular formula and which is an empirical formula?
NO2 = empirical, N2O4 = molecular
When naming a binary covalent compound, which element comes first?
The element with the lower group number*
*except when the compound contains oxygen and either Cl, Br, or I, in which one of these halogens would come first.
What are an element’s A and Z values?
A = mass number (protons and neutrons)
Z = atomic number (protons)
Given the mass of two isotopes and the average atomic mass of an element, how do you find the relative abundance of the isotopes?
Average atomic mass = (isotopic mass 1)(x) + (isotopic mass 2)(1 -x). Solve for x to get the abundance of the first isotope, use that to find the abundance of the other.
Name this ion as well as the acid derived from it: Br^-
(This is a binary acid)
The anion is bromide, the acid is hydrobromic acid HBr
Name this ion as well as the acid derived from it: IO3^-
(This is a an oxacid)
The anion is iodate, the acid is iodic acid HIO3.
Name this ion as well as the acid derived from it: CN^-
(This is a binary acid)
The anion is cyanide, the acid is hydrocyanic acid HCN
Name this ion as well as the acid derived from it: HSO4^-
(This is an oxacid)
The anion is hydrogen sulfate, the acid is sulfuric acid H2SO4
What is the formula for copper (II) nitrate?
Cu(NO3)2
This combines Cu^2+ with NO3^-
Name this oxacid and its anion: H2SO3
Sulfurous acid, anion = hydrogen sulfite, HSO3
Name this oxacid and its anion: HBrO
Hypobromous acid, anion = hypobromite BrO^-
Name this oxacid and its anion: HClO2
Chlorous acid, anion = chlorite ClO2^-
Name this binary acid and its anion: HI
Hydroiodic acid, anion = I^-
