10/20/22 - Precipitation Reactions Flashcards
How do you convert a concentrated solution to a dilute one?
Add more solvent.
What is a diluted solution?
A solution with a lower concentration of solute.
What is the relationship between the molarity x volume of a concentrated solution and the molarity x volume of a diluted solution?
Initial Molarity x Initial Volume = Final Molarity x Final Volume
What is a precipitation reaction?
A reaction in which two soluble ionic compounds react to produce an insoluble product called a precipitate.
What does the molecular equation of a precipitation reaction show?
The molecular equation shows all species that are in the solution. It shows all reactants and products as intact, undissociated compounds.
What does the total ionic equation of a precipitation reaction show?
The total ionic equation shows all products and reactants as separate ions.
What are spectator ions?
Ions that are present in a precipitation reaction but not involved in any chemical change.
They remain the same in the reactants and products without joining another compound.
When given a molecular or total ionic equation for a precipitation reaction, how can you tell which are the spectator ions?
The spectator ions are the same on both sides of the equation. In the reactants, they will still be aqueous and do not form a solid.
What is the difference between a total ionic equation and a net ionic equation?
A net ionic equation eliminates spectator ions and only shows the actual chemical change. The total ionic equation includes spectator ions.
What is a precipitate?
An insoluble ionic compound.
When do ions in a solution form a precipitate?
When the ions’ attraction to each other is greater than their attraction to the water molecules.
How do you determine whether a precipitate forms when mixing two aqueous ionic solutions?
Find the possible combinations of anions and cations. Use solubility rules to determine if any of these compounds are insoluble in water.
