1: Neonatology - IUGR Flashcards
Define IUGR
Failure of growth in-utero that may or may-not cause SGA
Define SGA
Weight below 10th-centile for gestational age
What are the two types of IUGR
1, Symmetrical
2. Asymmetrical
What causes asymmetrical IUGR
- Due to external factors, most commonly placental insufficiency. Occurs late in gestation.
What causes symmetrical IUGR
- Due to internal factors (Chromosomal abnormalities)
What are two maternal causes of IUGR
- Substance abuse
- Teratogenic medications
What is the main utter-placental cause of IUGR
Placental insufficiency
What is placental insufficiency
Disruption in maternal-foetal circulation impairing substances exchange causing foetal compromise
What are 5 causes of placental insufficiency
- DM
- HTN
- Smoking
- Antiphospholipid syndrome
- SLE
- Pre-eclampsia
- Rhesus incompatibility
What are 3 foetal causes of IUGR
Chromosomal abnormality
TORCH
Cyanotic heat defects
What is 70% of IUGR
Asymmetrical
How will symmetrical growth IUGR present
Proportional decrease in head and abdominal circumference
When does symmetrical IUGR usually occur
Abnormalities in brain development
What is a more common complication of symmetrical IUGR and why
Abnormalities in brain development - due to occurring in first trimester
How does asymmetrical IUGR present
Maintained head circumference, small abdominal circumference