1-3. Inflammation/ Neoplasia Pathoma

Question 1

What CD receptor do neutrophils express

Answer 1

CD14

Question 2

What role does PGI have

Answer 2

PGI = Platelet gathering inhibitor

Question 3

What role do Mast Cells have

Answer 3

Release HistamineVasodilation and increase vascular permeability

Question 4

What is the second phase response of Mast Cells

Answer 4

Recruit Leukotrienes

Question 5

4 Mediators that call in Neutrophils

Answer 5

LTB4, C5A, IL-8, bacteria products

Question 6

Classical compliment system

Answer 6

(ig) GM makes Classic cars (C1)

Question 7

Pathway/end result of compliment system

Answer 7

C3, C5, generation of membrane attack complex (MAC)

Question 8

What components of compliment system trigger mast cell degranulation

Answer 8

C3a and C5a

Question 9

one role of C5 in the compliment system

Answer 9

Calls in neutrophils

Question 10

What does bradykinin do?

Answer 10

Same thing as histamineincrease vasodilation, vascular permeability (++pain)

Question 11

Prostaglandin E2

Answer 11

E2fEEEEEver and pain

Question 12

mediators that macrophages release

Answer 12

TNF-g, IL-1Stimulate cox for PGE2for fever

Question 13

Leukocyte migration and rollingwhat are the binding factors

Answer 13

E-selectin, P-selectinBinds the Sialyl-Lewis

Question 14

Leukocyte adhesion of vessel wall

Answer 14

ICAM (intercellular adhesion molecule)

Question 15

Delayed separation of umbilical cord

Answer 15

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD)CD18

Question 16

Lack of pus formation

Answer 16

Leukocyte adhesion Deficiency

Question 17

Impaired phagolysosome formation

Answer 17

Chediak-Higashi

Question 18

Whats the mechanism of O2 to HOCl (bleach) in a phagocyte degredation

Answer 18

O2 –> O2- –> H2O2 –> HOCL

Question 19

What is the defect in Chronic Granuloma Dz (CGD) aka poor O2 dependent killing

Answer 19

Defect in NADPH

Question 20

Maturation process of T cells. where they from and where do they go?

Answer 20

T cells are made in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus

Question 21

Which T cells recognize which MHC class

Answer 21

CD4 t cells recognize MHC class 2CD8 t cells recognize MHC class 1

Question 22

CD4+ T cell activation requires what?(2 signals involved in activation)And what is their role

Answer 22

Antigen presenting cells (APCs) phagocytize antigen, process it, then present it on its MHC 2 membrane//B7 (on APC) binds to CD28 on MHC2CD4 release cytokines to help in inflammation

Question 23

What do CD4 helper T cells do?

Answer 23

They help both CD8+ / BcellsBroken into 2 subsetsTh1 helps CD8Th2 helps with B cells

Question 24

Th1 helps what cells and how?

Answer 24

Th1 helps CD8 cellsby releasing IL-2 (t cell growth factor and activator) and IFN-g (macrophages)

Question 25

Th2 helps what cell and how

Answer 25

B cellsIL-4 (class switching to gig and igE)IL-5 (Eosinophil chemotaxis and activation/maturation of B cells)

Question 26

Whats a main enzyme that triggers apoptosis

Answer 26

caspase

Question 27

B Lymphocyte maturation process

Answer 27

immature B cells are made in the bone marrowUndergo ig rearrangement to become naive B cells that express surface antigens IgM and IgD

Question 28

B cell activation requires 2 signals

Answer 28

B cell presents antigen to CD4 via MHC 2CD40 receptor (on Bcell) binds to CD40L on b cell

Question 29

Marker for hematopoietic stem cell (in bone marrow)

Answer 29

Cd34

Question 30

Stem cell of the lung

Answer 30

Type 2 pneumocytes

Question 31

When converting type 3 collagen to type 1 collagen , which enzyme is used and what does it require as a cofactor

Answer 31

Collagenase

Zinc

Question 32

3 things to think about when you see an enlarged lymph node

Answer 32

Metastatic cancer

Reactive hyperplasia (acute infection)

Lymphoma

Question 33

Tumor cell neoplasia is (monoclonal or polyclonal)

Answer 33

monoclonal