05b. Biomechanics - Momentum Flashcards
Describe Impulse
The change in momentum (fxt)
Describe Momentum
The motion a body possesses (m x v )
Describe Conservation of momentum
Whenever two bodies collide, the combined momentum of the two is conserved (stays the same).
List the two type of foce summation
Simultaneous and sequential force summation.
List the 4 ways to produce the greatest force during sequential force summation
Strongest and largest body parts first, use as many body parts as possible, transferring momentum from one body part to another when at maximum velocity, ensuring an appropriate follow through to avoid unnecessary deceleration.
Describe Angular Momentum
Product of moment of inertia and angular velocity
Describe Moment of Inertia
The measure of an objects resistance to change its rate of rotation, based on the distance of mass distributed from axis
List the two components of moment of inertia
The mass of the rotating body and the distance the mass is dsitributed from its access of rotation
To increase impluse you can
increase time over which force is applied
Based on impulse, to decease risk of injury/impact you can
increase time over which force is absorbed/distributed
To increase momentum during an activity you can
increase velocity/speed
What is the biomechanical principle that states that when two bodies collide the combined momentum will be the same before and after collision
Conservation of momentum
What happens to angular momentum throughout a movement
It remains constant/stays the same
If mass is distributed closer to the axis, what happens to moment of inertia
it decreases
If mass is distributed further away from the axis, what happens to moment of inertia
it increases
Should mass be distributed closer to or further away from the axis to decrease moment of inertia
closer to
Should mass be distributed closer to or further away from the axis to increase moment of inertia
further away
If moment of inertia increases, what happens to angular velocty
decreases
If moment of inertia decreases, what happens to angular velocty
increases
What happers to angular momentum, angular velocity and moment of intertia when moving mass further away from the axis of rotation
AM = same, AV = decreases and MOI = increases
What happers to angular momentum, angular velocity and moment of intertia when bringing mass closer to the axis of rotation
AM = same, AV = increases and MOI = decreases
What biomechanical principle refers to strongest and largest body parts first, use as many body parts as possible, transferring momentum from one body part to another when at maximum velocity, ensuring an appropriate follow through to avoid unnecessary deceleration.
Sequential force summation
