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MT6317 > 02 URIC ACID > Flashcards

02 URIC ACID Flashcards

1
Q

Uric acid is the product of catabolism of ___ bases like ___ and ___

A

purine
adenine & guanine

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2
Q

___% of uric acid is reabsorbed in the proximal tubules

A

98-100

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3
Q

___% of uric acid is excreted in the distal tubules

A

<1

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4
Q

Among the excreted uric acid, ___% is excreted renally while ___% is excreted via GI tract

A

70
30

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5
Q

T/F: uric acid is soluble in plasma

A

F (insoluble)

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6
Q

Uric acid exists as monosodium urate at pH ___

A

7

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7
Q

At concentrations ___mg/dL, plasma is saturated and urate crystals may form in the tissues

A

> 6.8 mg/dL

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8
Q

At pH ___, uric acid crystals may form

A

< 5.75

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9
Q

High concentrations of uric acid may cause joints and tissue inflammation, causing ___

A

gouty arthritis

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10
Q

Level of uric acid in hyperuricemia

A

> 6.0 mg/dL

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11
Q

Deposits of crystalline uric acid, causing deformities

A

Tophi forms

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12
Q

Gout appears in male between __ and __ years old and in female after ___

A

30 & 50
menopausal

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13
Q

Treatment for increased nuclear breakdown that inhibits xanthine oxidase

A

allopurinol (Zytoprim)

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14
Q

Hemolytic anemia or megaloblastic anemia causes ___ (increase/decrease) in uric acid concentration

A

increase

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15
Q

If uric acid levels are already high, ___ may be used which oxidizes uric acid

A

Rasburicase

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16
Q

Preeclampsia and lactic acidosis causes ___ (increase/decrease) in uric acid concentration

A

increase

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17
Q

Chronic renal disease causes ___ (increase/decrease) in uric acid concentration

A

increase

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18
Q

T/F: uric acid is not a good indicator of renal function

A

T

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19
Q

X-linked genetic disorder that is caused by the complete deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

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20
Q

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome causes ___ (increase/decrease) in uric acid concentration

A

increase

21
Q

In Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, lack of this enzyme prevents the reutilization of purine bases in the nucleotide salvage pathway

A

Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase

22
Q

Fanconi syndrome causes ___ (increase/decrease) in uric acid concentration

A

decrease

23
Q

Chemotherapy with 6-mercaptopurine or azathiopurine causes ___ (increase/decrease) in uric acid concentration

A

decrease

24
Q

Disorder of reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney

A

Fanconi syndrome

25
Q

A nonspecific, chemical method of uric acid determination that requires protein removal

A

Phosphotungstic acid method

26
Q

Direct redox method of uric acid determination

A

Caraway method/Henry’s method

27
Q

A method of uric acid determination based on oxidation of uric acid in a protein-free filtrate, with subsequent reduction of phosphotungstic acid in alkaline solution

A

Caraway/Henry’s method

28
Q

Interferences that causes a false increase in Caraway method

A

turbidity
aspirin and metabolites
acetaminophen
caffeine
theophylline

29
Q

In iron reduction method of uric acid determination, the ___ is measured

A

chromophore

30
Q

In the uricase method of uric acid determination, the measurement of the differential absorption of uric acid and allantoin is at what wavelength?

A

290-293 nm

31
Q

In the uricase method of uric acid determination, Hb and xanthine would cause false ___ (increase/decrease)

A

decrease

32
Q

T/F: one of the disadvantages of the uricase method is that it requires UV spectrophotometer

A

T

33
Q

In the coupled enzymatic method of uric acid determination, bilirubin and ascorbate would cause false ___ (increase/decrease)

A

decrease

34
Q

Samples allowed in uric acid determination

A

Heparinized plasma
Serum
Urine

35
Q

T/F: diet may affect uric acid concentration

A

T

36
Q

Interferences in uric acid determination that may falsely increase the value

A

Salicylate and thiazides

37
Q

Additives for blood collection that are not allowed for uric acid determination

A

EDTA
Fluoride

38
Q

pH level for urine specimen in uric acid determination

A

8

39
Q

Normal level of uric acid in males

A

3.5-7.2 mg/dL

40
Q

Normal level of uric acid in females

A

2.6-6.0 mg/dL

41
Q

Normal level of uric acid in children

A

2.0-5.5 mg/dL

42
Q

Normal level of uric acid in adult for 24h urine

A

250-750 mg/d

43
Q

A chemical method of uric acid determination based on reduction of phosphotungstic acid in alkaline solution to tungsten blue

A

Caraway method

44
Q

The more specific and more commonly used method of uric acid determination

A

Enzymatic method

45
Q

An enzymatic method of uric acid determination that measures the h2o2 produced as uric acid that is converted to allantoin

A

Coupled enzymatic reaction

46
Q

In the coupled enzymatic reaction of uric acid determination, the color produced is ___ proportional to uric acid concentration

A

directly

47
Q

Uric acid determination:
False increase/decrease

Hemolysis =

A

decrease

48
Q

Conversion factor of uric acid from conventional to SI unit

A

0.0595

MT6317 (18 decks)

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