00 Variables affecting chemistry analytes

Question 1

Analyte/s affected by age

Answer 1

Albumin, alkaline phosphatase (increase when older), phosphorus (P), cholesterol

Question 2

Analyte/s affected by gender

Increased in males

Answer 2

Albumin, ALP, creatinine, Ca2+, uric acid, CK, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), phosphate (PO4), BUN, Mg2+, bilirubin, cholesterol

Question 3

Analyte/s affected by sex

Increased in females

Answer 3

Fe, cholesterol, gamma-globulins, alpha-lipoproteins

Question 4

Analyte/s affected by diurnal variation

Increased in AM

Answer 4

ACTH, cortisol, Fe aldosterone

Question 5

Analyte/s affected by diurnal variation

Increased in PM

Answer 5

Acid phosphatase, growth hormone, parathyroid hormone (PTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 6

Analyte/s affected by recent food ingestion

Increased

Answer 6

Glucose, insulin, triglycerides, gastrin, ionized Ca2+

Question 7

Analyte/s affected by food ingestion

Decreased

Answer 7

Chloride, phosphorus, potassium, amylase, ALP

Question 8

Analyte/s affected by posture

Increased when standing

Answer 8

Albumin, cholesterol, aldosterone, Ca2+

Question 9

Analyte/s affected by activity

Increased in ambulatory px.

Answer 9

CK

Question 10

Analyte/s affected by activity

Increased with exercise

Answer 10

Lactic acid, creatinine, protein, CK, AST, lactate dehydrogenase (LD)

Question 11

Analyte/s affected by activity

Decreased with exercise

Answer 11

Cholesterol, triglycerides

Question 12

Analytes increased with stress

Answer 12

ACTH, cortisol, catecholamines

Question 13

Analytes that require fasting

Answer 13

FBS, GTT, triglycerides, lipid panel, gastrin, insulin, aldosterone/renin

Question 14

Analytes that require ICE (immediate cooling)

Answer 14

Lactic acid, ammonia, blood gas (lower pH and pO2 if not cooled)

Question 15

Analytes increased when there is hemolysis in the sample

Answer 15

K+, ammonia, PO4, Fe, Mg2+, ALT, AST, LD, ALP, catecholamines, CK

Question 16

This analyte peaks at 4-6 am; lowest at 8pm-12am; 50% lower at 8pm than at 8am; and increased with stress

Answer 16

Cortisol

Question 17

This analyte is lower at night and is increased with stress

Answer 17

ACTH

Question 18

This analyte is lower at night and is higher standing than supine

Answer 18

Plasma renin activity

Question 19

These analytes are lower at night

Answer 19

Aldosterone and insulin

Question 20

These analytes are higher in afternoon and evening

Answer 20

Growth hormone; acid phosphatase

Question 21

This analyte increases with exercise

Answer 21

Thyroxine

Question 22

This analyte peaks early to late morning; decreases up to 30% during the day

Answer 22

Iron

Question 23

This analyte is decreased 4% in supine position

Answer 23

Calcium

Question 24

Intense exercise increases which analytes?

Answer 24

Epinephrine and cortisol

Question 25

The acute effects of tobacco smoking include an increase in which analytes?

Answer 25

Plasma catecholamines and cortisol

Question 26

The chronic effects of tobacco smoking include an increase in which analytes?

Answer 26

WBC count (monocyte), carboxyhemoglobin, MCV

Question 27

Alcohol increases which analytes?

Answer 27

Acetate and acetaldehyde

Question 28

This analyte is specifically increased when there is alcohol intake

Answer 28

Gamma glutamyl transferase

Question 29

T/F: Stress affects ABG tests

Answer 29

T (it disturbs the acid-base balance and leads to hyperventilation)

Question 30

What is increased when bacterial changes occur for a delay in separation?

Answer 30

NH3

Question 31

What is decreased when bacterial changes occur for a delay in separation?

Answer 31

Urea concentration

Question 32

What are the effects of open system of blood collection?

Answer 32

inc. PO2, dec. pCO2, inc. pH

Question 33

What are the effects of closed system of blood collection?

Answer 33

dec. PO2, inc. pCO2, dec. pH