00 Variables affecting chemistry analytes Flashcards
Analyte/s affected by age
Albumin, alkaline phosphatase (increase when older), phosphorus (P), cholesterol
Analyte/s affected by gender
Increased in males
Albumin, ALP, creatinine, Ca2+, uric acid, CK, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), phosphate (PO4), BUN, Mg2+, bilirubin, cholesterol
Analyte/s affected by sex
Increased in females
Fe, cholesterol, gamma-globulins, alpha-lipoproteins
Analyte/s affected by diurnal variation
Increased in AM
ACTH, cortisol, Fe aldosterone
Analyte/s affected by diurnal variation
Increased in PM
Acid phosphatase, growth hormone, parathyroid hormone (PTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Analyte/s affected by recent food ingestion
Increased
Glucose, insulin, triglycerides, gastrin, ionized Ca2+
Analyte/s affected by food ingestion
Decreased
Chloride, phosphorus, potassium, amylase, ALP
Analyte/s affected by posture
Increased when standing
Albumin, cholesterol, aldosterone, Ca2+
Analyte/s affected by activity
Increased in ambulatory px.
CK
Analyte/s affected by activity
Increased with exercise
Lactic acid, creatinine, protein, CK, AST, lactate dehydrogenase (LD)
Analyte/s affected by activity
Decreased with exercise
Cholesterol, triglycerides
Analytes increased with stress
ACTH, cortisol, catecholamines
Analytes that require fasting
FBS, GTT, triglycerides, lipid panel, gastrin, insulin, aldosterone/renin
Analytes that require ICE (immediate cooling)
Lactic acid, ammonia, blood gas (lower pH and pO2 if not cooled)
Analytes increased when there is hemolysis in the sample
K+, ammonia, PO4, Fe, Mg2+, ALT, AST, LD, ALP, catecholamines, CK
This analyte peaks at 4-6 am; lowest at 8pm-12am; 50% lower at 8pm than at 8am; and increased with stress
Cortisol
This analyte is lower at night and is increased with stress
ACTH
This analyte is lower at night and is higher standing than supine
Plasma renin activity
These analytes are lower at night
Aldosterone and insulin
These analytes are higher in afternoon and evening
Growth hormone; acid phosphatase
This analyte increases with exercise
Thyroxine
This analyte peaks early to late morning; decreases up to 30% during the day
Iron
This analyte is decreased 4% in supine position
Calcium
Intense exercise increases which analytes?
Epinephrine and cortisol
The acute effects of tobacco smoking include an increase in which analytes?
Plasma catecholamines and cortisol
The chronic effects of tobacco smoking include an increase in which analytes?
WBC count (monocyte), carboxyhemoglobin, MCV
Alcohol increases which analytes?
Acetate and acetaldehyde
This analyte is specifically increased when there is alcohol intake
Gamma glutamyl transferase
T/F: Stress affects ABG tests
T (it disturbs the acid-base balance and leads to hyperventilation)
What is increased when bacterial changes occur for a delay in separation?
NH3
What is decreased when bacterial changes occur for a delay in separation?
Urea concentration
What are the effects of open system of blood collection?
inc. PO2, dec. pCO2, inc. pH
What are the effects of closed system of blood collection?
dec. PO2, inc. pCO2, dec. pH
