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MT6317 > 02 PROTEINS: other proteins of clinical significance + plasma total protein abnormalities + methods of analysis > Flashcards

02 PROTEINS: other proteins of clinical significance + plasma total protein abnormalities + methods of analysis Flashcards

1
Q

The gold standard for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome

A

Cardiac troponin

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2
Q

A specific cardiac marker

A

Cardiac troponin

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3
Q

A family of structurally related hormones that increases during left ventricular myocardium

A

Natriuretic peptides

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4
Q

A glycoprotein composed of two nearly identical subunits

A

fibronectin

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5
Q

Helps predict the short-term risk of premature delivery

A

fetal fibronectin

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6
Q

Fetal fibronectin should not be detectable after ___ weeks

A

24

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7
Q

Detectable fetal fibronectin during ___ and ___ weeks is indicative of uroplacental junction disturbance and an increased risk of preterm labor and delivery

A

22 and 36

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8
Q

Proteolytic fragment of collagen I and a marker of bone resorption

A

Cross-linked C-telopeptides

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9
Q

Marker for CSF leakage

A

B-trace protein

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10
Q

Cysteine proteinase inhibitor

A

Cystatin C

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11
Q

Fibrous protein aggregates formed from the alteration of b-pleated sheathes

A

amyloid

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12
Q

Reference value for total protein

A

6.5-8.3 g/dL

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13
Q

Reference value for albumin

A

3.5-5.5 g/dL

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14
Q

Reference A:G ratio

A

1.3-3.0

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15
Q

Identify the disease:

TP: low
Albumin: low
Globulin: normal

A

inadequate diet
nephrotic syndrome

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16
Q

In nephrotic syndrome, a2 and b-globulins are ___ and gamma globulins are ___

A

high
low

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17
Q

Identify the disease:

TP: low
Albumin: normal
Globulin: low

A

Immunodeficiency syndrome

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18
Q

Identify the disease:

TP: normal, low
Albumin: low
Globulin: high

A

hepatic damage
infections

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19
Q

Identify the disease:

B-Y bridging

A

cirrhosis

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20
Q

In hepatitis, the y-globulin is ___

A

increased

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21
Q

In acute infection, these globulins are increased

A

a1, a2

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22
Q

In chronic infection, these globulins are increased

A

a1, a2, y

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23
Q

Polyclonal gammopathy is presented in ___ and ___

A

chronic infection
hepatic cirrhosis

24
Q

Identify the disease:

TP: high
Albumin: high
Globulin: high

A

dehydration

25
Q

Identify the disease:

TP: high
Albumin: normal
Globulin: high

A

multiple myeloma

26
Q

The immunoglobulin increased in multiple myeloma

A

IgG

27
Q

The immunoglobulin increased in Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia

A

IgM

28
Q

Reference method for total protein determination

A

Kjeldahl

29
Q

Method of total protein determination that forms a violet-colored chelate between Cu2+ ions and peptide bonds

A

Biuret

30
Q

Dye used in biuret for albumin and globulin determination

A

Coomassie blue

31
Q

The process of conversion of nitrogen to ammonie

A

Kjeldahlization

32
Q

A method of acid precipitation of protein with measurement of total nitrogen

A

Kjeldahl

33
Q

A measurement of refractive index due to solutes in serum

A

Refractometry

34
Q

The biuret method is measured at what wavelength?

A

540 nm

35
Q

In biuret method, which reagent breaks the peptide bonds?

A

Cupric ions

36
Q

In biuret method, which reagent keeps copper in solution?

A

Tartrate salt

37
Q

In biuret method, which reagent stabilizes cupric ions?

A

Potassium iodide

38
Q

Dyes that bind to protein and causes a spectral shift in the absorbance maximum of dye

A

Bromphenol blue
Ponceau S
Amido black 10B
Lissamine green
Coomassie brilliant blue

39
Q

This method of protein determination uses phosphomolybdic acid or phenol reagent

A

Folin-Ciocalteu

40
Q

In folin-ciocalteu method of protein determination, the oxidation of phenolic gives a ___ color

A

deep blue

41
Q

Proteins that absorbs light at 280 nm

A

Tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine

42
Q

Peptide bonds absorb light at ___ nm

A

210

43
Q

These reagents precipitate proteins for the turbidimetric or nephelometric method of protein determination

A

Sulfosalicylic acid
Trichloroacetic acid

44
Q

Identify the dye: (albumin)

Nonspecific for albumin

A

Methyl orange

45
Q

Identify the dye: (albumin)

Many interferences such as salicylates and bilirubin

A

HABA

46
Q

Identify the dye: (albumin)

Sensitive, most commonly used

A

BCG (bromcresol green)

47
Q

Identify the dye: (albumin)

Specific, sensitive, precise

A

BCP (bromcresol purple)

48
Q

Half-life of albumin

A

15-19 days

49
Q

Total protein concentration is ___ proportional to the severity of liver disease

A

inversely

50
Q

Prolonged torniquet application can cause false ___ in albumin levels

A

increase

51
Q

Reference value for albumin

A

53-65% (3.5-5 g/dL)

52
Q

Reference value for a1-globulin

A

2.5-5% (0.1-0.3 g/dL)

53
Q

Reference value for a2-globulin

A

7-13% (0.6-1.0 g/dL)

54
Q

Reference value for b-globulin

A

8-14% (0.7-1.1 g/dL)

55
Q

Reference value for y-globulin

A

12-22% (0.8-1.6 g/dL)

56
Q

The use of plasma in total protein determination increases the result by ___ g/dL

A

0.2-0.4

MT6317 (18 decks)

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