01 INTRO TO CC Flashcards
This refers to the discipline involved in the selection, provision, and interpretation of diagnostic testing that uses primarily samples from patients
Laboratory medicine
This is a synonymous term to clinical laboratory
Laboratory medicine
This is laboratory section that performs qualitative and quantitative analyses of blood, urine, spinal fluid, feces, calculi, and other materials
Clinical chemistry
The substance of interest that is being measured, may be detected qualitatively or described quantitatively
Analyte
An analytical instrument used to measure the intensity of light absorbed by a sample at specific wavelengths, providing quantitative data about the concentration of substances within that sample
Spectrophotometer
This refers to how close a measured value is to the true value or the standard of the analyte being measured
Accuracy
This is crucial for ensuring reliable and correct diagnostic and treatment decisions based on laboratory results
Accuracy
This refers to the consistency and reproducibility of test results when the same sample is analyzed multiple times under identical conditions
Precision
Ensures that repeated measurements yield similar outcomes
Precision
This refers to an analytical procedure to maintain its original accuracy, precision, specificity, and sensitivity over and extended period of time
Reliability
An ability to detect an analyte of interest
Analytical specificity
An ability to detect smallest amount of sample
Analytical sensitivity
Used for confirmatory tests
Diagnostic specificity
Used for screening tests
Diagnostic sensitivity
These are standardized samples with known concentrations of analytes used to verify the accuracy and precision of analytical tests
Controls
They help ensure that the testing process is functioning correctly and that the results are reliable and consistent over time
Controls
This is a known reference materials or substance that is used to calibrate or validate laboratory instruments and assays
Standard
Also called the “callibrator”
Standard
Any biochemical compound that is sufficiently altered in a disease to serve as an aid in diagnosing or predicting susceptibility to the disease
Biochemical markers
This refers to any material coming from the patient’s human body submitted to the laboratory for processing and testing
Specimen
This is the most common specimen used in the clinical laboratory.
Blood
This is the process of using needle to puncture a vein and collect a blood sample for diagnostic purposes
Venipuncture
This is a method of obtaining a small blood sample by puncturing the skin with a lancet, typically on the finger or heel
Capillary puncture
Involves inserting a needle into an artery to collect blood samples
Arterial puncture
Common puncture sites for arterial puncture
Radial artery in the wrist, femoral artery in the groin, brachial artery in the arm
The liquid portion of unclotted blood
Plasma
This includes fibrinogen and is often used for tests requiring the presence of clotting proteins
Plasma
The liquid component of clotted blood, resulting in the removal of clotting factors like fibrinogen
Serum
Component of blood present in plasma that is not present in serum
Fibrinogen
T/F: serum is used in diagnostic tests where clotting proteins are not required
T
This involves assessing the presence or absence of a certain compound in a sample, providing information about whether that specific substance is found or not
Qualitative
This involves measuring the exact amount of a compound present in a sample, providing data on whether its concentration is high or low
Quantitative
The identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptomes
Diagnosis
An opinion, based on medical experience, of the likely course of a medical condition
Prognosis
