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MT6317 > 02 PROTEINS: plasma proteins > Flashcards

02 PROTEINS: plasma proteins Flashcards

1
Q

Diverse group of proteins found in blood plasma

A

Plasma proteins

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2
Q

This protein is so named because it migrates ahead of albumin and is a very good indicator of nutrition

A

Prealbumin

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3
Q

Prealbumin is ___ (high/low) for px with hepatic damage

A

low (due to decreased protein synthesis)

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4
Q

Prealbumin is ___ (high/low) for px receiving steroid therapy

A

high

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5
Q

Prealbumin is ___ (high/low) for px with alcohol abused

A

high

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6
Q

Prealbumin is ___ (high/low) for px with chronic renal failure

A

high

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7
Q

The three negative acute phase reactants

A

Prealbumin
Albumin
Transferrin

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8
Q

A protein associated with T3, T4 and retinol

A

Prealbumin

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9
Q

The most abundant protein found in blood plasma

A

Albumin

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10
Q

This protein serves as a crucial regulator of osmotic pressure and maintains the balance of fluid between blood vessels and tissues

A

Albumin

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11
Q

The rate of synthesis of albumin in the liver

A

9-12 g/day

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12
Q

This protein may be used as a short-term glucose monitoring means

A

Albumin (fructosamine)

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13
Q

Albumin is ___ (high/low) in liver and kidney disease

A

low

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14
Q

A glycoprotein produced by the liver that plays a vital role in protecting the lungs from damage caused by enzymes released by inflammatory cells

A

a1-antitrypsin

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15
Q

a1-antitrypsin has a molecular weight of approximately ___

A

52 kDa

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16
Q

This protein inhibits elastase

A

a1-antitrypsin

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17
Q

Protein associated with pulmonary emphysema caused by alveolar damage

A

a1-antitrypsin

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18
Q

Gene mutated in pulmonary emphysema that causes a1-antitrypsin deficiency

A

SERPINA1 gene

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19
Q

90% of the albumin fraction in electrophoresis is ___

A

a1-antitrypsin

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20
Q

This protein is synthesized in utero by the developing embryo and then by the fetal liver and the GI tract

A

a1-fetoprotein

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21
Q

The concentrations of a1-fetoprotein decreases gradually after birth, reaching adult concentrations at around ___ to ___ months of age

A

8-12

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22
Q

This protein is a marker for neural tube defects, anencephaly, and spina bifida in high levels

A

a1-fetoprotein

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23
Q

Low levels of a1-fetoprotein could lead to ___ and ___

A

trisomy 21
trisomy 18

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24
Q

A protein that serves as a tumor marker, specifically for hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver disease

A

a1-fetoprotein

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25
This glycoprotein is characterized by its acidic properties and glycosylation
a1-acid glycoprotein
26
This protein plays a role in sphingomyelin metabolism
a1-acid glycoprotein
27
This protein serves in the capillary barrier function
a1-acid glycoprotein
28
Protein associated with orosomucoid
1a-acid glycoprotein
29
A member of serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) family
a1-antichymotrypsin
30
Targets cathepsin G, pancreatic elastase, mast cell chynase, and chymotrypsin
a1-antichymotrypsin
31
This protein is mutated in px. with Parkinson's disease, COPD, and Alzheimer's disease
a1-antichymotrypsin
32
A protein that is part of the serine protease inhibitor family that appears between a1 and a2 band
inter-a-trypsin inhibitor
33
This protein inhibits trypsin, plasmin, chymotrypsin
inter-a-trypsin inhibitor
34
A major carrier protien of vitamin D
Gc-globulin
35
An a2-glycoprotein synthesized in the liver as a tetramer consisting of two alpha and two beta subunits
Haptoglobin
36
This protein binds free hemoglobin
haptoglobin
37
This protein is important in the evaluation of hemolytic anemia
haptoglobin
38
When there is hemolytic anemia, haptoglobin is ___ (high/low)
low
39
When there is extravascular hemolysis, haptoglobin is ___
normal
40
A protein that transports copper
Ceruloplasmin
41
___% copper is bound to ceruloplasmin, while ___% is bound to albumin
90 10
42
A disease condition where there is low ceruloplasmin and causes hepatic cirrhosis and neurological damage
Wilson's disease
43
A disease where there is low absorption of copper due to low ceruloplasmin
Menkes' Syndrome/ Menkes' Kinky Hair Syndrome
44
A manifestation of deposited copper in the cornea
Kayser-Fleischer Rings
45
A major component of the a2-globulin fraction
a2-macroglobulin
46
A protease inhibitor
a2-macroglobulin
47
A cytokine and growth factor regulator
a2-macroglobulin
48
A chaperone of misfolded proteins
a2-macroglobulin
49
A protein that increases with renal disease and damage to glomeruli
a2-macroglobulin
50
A glycoprotein found in the blood plasma that plays a crucial role in iron transport throughout the body
transferrin
51
Transferrin is ___ (high/low) in IDA
high
52
Transferrin is ___ (high/low) in chronic inflammation
low
53
Transferrin is ___ (high/low) in iron overload
low
54
An acute-phase b-globulin that binds free heme
hemopexin
55
Hemopexin is synthesized in the ___ of the liver
parenchymal cells
56
Haptoglobin is ___ (high/low) in intravascular hemolytic anemia
low
57
Complexes of proteins and lipids whose function is to transport cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids in the bloodstream
lipoproteins
58
Bad cholesterol
LDL
59
Good cholesterol
HDL
60
Reverse actinogenic and metabolic cholesterol
HDL
61
A small protein found on the surface of nucleated cells in the body
b2-microglobulin
62
A component of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules
b2-microglobulin
63
B2-microglobulin is ___ (high/low) in impaired renal clearance
high
64
B2-microglobulin is ___ (high/low) in HIV px
high
65
B2-microglobulin is ___ (high/low) in rheumatic arthritis and systemic lupus
high
66
T/F: B2-microglobulin is filtered by glomeruli and PCT
F (PCT reabsorbs and catabolizes)
67
A natural defense mechanism against infections
complement system
68
The most abundant complement in human plasma
C3
69
The second most abundant complement
C4
70
Increased complement during acute inflammatory disease and tissue inflammation
C3 & C4
71
Decreased complement during autoimmune disease, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, bacteremia, tissue injury, and chronic hepatitis
C3
72
Decreased complement during disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), acute glomerulonephritis, chronic hepatitis, and SLE
C4
73
The complement pathway that bypasses early component and allows the process to begin with C3
Properdin pathway
74
A soluble plasma protein produced by the liver and is essential for blood clot formation
fibrinogen
75
In electrophoresis, presence of this protein causes beta-gamma bridging
fibrinogen
76
A protein that may be used as an indicator for arteriosclerosis
C-reactive protein
77
A monoclonal antibody-based test method that can detect <1 mg/dL CRP
hsCRP
78
hcCRP concentration for high risk CVD
>3 mg/dL
79
hcCRP concentration for moderate risk CVD
1-3 mg/dL
80
hcCRP concentration for low risk CVD
<1 mg/dL
81
One of the first APRs to rise in response to inflammatory disease
C-reactive protein
82
y-globulins are part of the ___ immunity
humoral
83
Immunoglobulin that is first to elevate during infection
IgG
84
Immunoglobulin present in mucous secretions
IgA
85
Immunoglobulin that first responds to antigenic stimulation and is present during early infection
IgM
86
Immunoglobulin that responds to allergic reaction
IgE
87
Immunoglobulin present in the surface of b-cells
IgD
88
IgA subtype that is resistant to enzyme degradation
secretory IgA
89
IgA isotype that predominates in serum
IgA1
90
A spike in the vicinity of the late B zone
Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia

MT6317 (18 decks)

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