010.13 AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT INVESTIGATION

Question 1

An accident is an occurence that takes place between the time (engines are started/aircraft takes off/any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight) until such time (engine shutdown/landing/as all such persons have disembarked).

Answer 1

An accident is an occurence that takes place between the time (any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight) until such time (as all such persons have disembarked).

- any person, not any passenger -

Question 2

Maximum mass in an aircraft investigation is maximum (block/certificated take-off/zero fuel/landing) mass.

Answer 2

Maximum mass in an aircraft investigation is maximum (certificated take-off) mass.

Question 3

After a GPWS warning, an aircraft avoids flying into a mountain by just 50 ft. This is a(n) (incident/serious incident/accident).

Answer 3

Serious incident

Is was nearly an accident.

Question 4

During the climb-out phase of a flight, the pilot-in-command becomes incapacitated. The co-pilot takes over control of the aircraft and decides to return for landing. This is a(n) (incident/serious incident/accident).

Answer 4

Incident (or serious incident, but definitely not an accident)

A person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of:

— being in the aircraft, or

— direct contact with any part of the aircraft, including parts which have become detached from the aircraft, or

— direct exposure to jet blast,

except when the injuries are from natural causes, self-inflicted or inflicted by other persons, or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew;

Question 5

Two passengers argue about who gets to receive the last bag of complementary sweets. One passenger fatally injures the other with a plastic knife. This is a(n) (incident/serious incident/accident).

Answer 5

Incident

A person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of:

— being in the aircraft, or

— direct contact with any part of the aircraft, including parts which have become detached from the aircraft, or

— direct exposure to jet blast,

except when the injuries are from natural causes, self-inflicted or inflicted by other persons, or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew;

Question 6

After landing, while taxiing towards the apron the landing gear sinks into a hole. Nobody gets injured, but the aircraft sustains a structural failure. This obliges the crew to delay the departure. This is a(n) (incident/serious incident/accident).

Answer 6

Accident

b) the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which:

— adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and

— would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component,

• except* for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to a single engine, (including its cowlings or accessories), …, or for minor damages to main rotor blades, tail rotor blades, landing gear, and those resulting from hail or bird strike (including holes in the radome); or
  c) the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible.

Question 7

An aircraft has a bird strike resulting in a large dent in the radome (cover of the nose of the aircraft). This is a(n) (incident/serious incident/accident).

Answer 7

Incident

b) the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which:

— adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and

— would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component,

except for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to a single engine, (including its cowlings or accessories), …, or for minor damages to main rotor blades, tail rotor blades, landing gear, and those resulting from hail or bird strike (including holes in the radome); or

c) the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible.

Question 8

An aircraft is missing. This is a(n) (incident/serious incident/accident).

Answer 8

Accident

b) the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which:

— adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and

— would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component,

except for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to a single engine, (including its cowlings or accessories), …, or for minor damages to main rotor blades, tail rotor blades, landing gear, and those resulting from hail or bird strike (including holes in the radome); or

c) the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible.

Question 9

In the climb Engine 1 sustains such damage that it is force do be shut down, resulting in the pilot requesting an emergency landing. Shortly before landing the other engine fails too. This is a(n) (incident/serious incident/accident).

Answer 9

Accident

b) the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which:

— adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and

— would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component,

except for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to a single engine, (including its cowlings or accessories), …, or for minor damages to main rotor blades, tail rotor blades, landing gear, and those resulting from hail or bird strike (including holes in the radome); or

c) the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible.

Question 10

In the climb Engine 1 sustains such damage that it is force do be shut down, resulting in an emergency landing. This is a(n) (incident/serious incident/accident).

Answer 10

Incident

b) the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which:

— adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and

— would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component,

except for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to a single engine, (including its cowlings or accessories), …, or for minor damages to main rotor blades, tail rotor blades, landing gear, and those resulting from hail or bird strike (including holes in the radome); or

c) the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible.

Question 11

The aircraft has made a complete stop on the apron. When leaving the aircraft, one of the passengers walks into the trailing edge of the wing and gets seriously injured. This is a(n) (incident/serious incident/accident).

Answer 11

Accident

A person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of:

— being in the aircraft, or

— direct contact with any part of the aircraft, including parts which have become detached from the aircraft, or

— direct exposure to jet blast,

• except* when the injuries are from natural causes, self-inflicted or inflicted by other persons, or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew;
• • keyword is probably seriously injured…-*

Question 12

Define the term ‘incident’.

Answer 12

An occurrence, other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation.

Question 13

The difference between a serious incident and an accident is (…).

Answer 13

The difference between a serious incident and an accident is (the result).

Question 14

State which of the following a cockpit voice recoder shall record:

• Voice communications transmitted from or received on the flight deck by radio
• The aural environment of the flight deck
• The cabin attendants communications in the cabin using the aeroplane’s interphone system
• Voice communications of flight crew members on the flight deck using the aeroplane’s interphone system
• Voice or audio signals identifying navigation or approach aids introduced into a headset or speaker
• Voice communications of flight crew members on the flight deck using the public address system, if installed

Answer 14

State which of the following a cockpit voice recoder shall record:

• Voice communications transmitted from or received on the flight deck by radio
• The aural environment of the flight deck
• The cabin attendants communications in the cabin using the aeroplane’s interphone system
• Voice communications of flight crew members on the flight deck using the aeroplane’s interphone system
• Voice or audio signals identifying navigation or approach aids introduced into a headset or speaker
• Voice communications of flight crew members on the flight deck using the public address system, if installed

Question 15

The sole objective of the investigation of an accident or incident shall be (…).

Answer 15

The sole objective of the investigation of an accident or incident shall be (the prevention of accidents and incidents). It is not the purpose of this activity to apportion blame or liability.

Question 16

The State of (Registry/Design/Operator/Occurrence) shall institute an investigation into the circumstances of the accident and be responsible for the conduct of the investigation, but it may delegate the whole or any part of the conducting of such investigation.

Answer 16

The State of (Occurrence) shall institute an investigation into the circumstances of the accident and be responsible for the conduct of the investigation, but it may delegate the whole or any part of the conducting of such investigation.

Question 17

The State of Occurrence shall institute an investigation into the circumstances of a serious incident when the aircraft is of a maximum mass of over (2 250/5 700/27 000/100 000) kg.

Answer 17

The State of Occurrence shall institute an investigation into the circumstances of a serious incident when the aircraft is of a maximum mass of over (2 250) kg.

Question 18

When the location of the accident or the serious incident cannot definitely be established as being in the territory of any State, the State of (Occurance/Design/Registry/Operator) shall institute and conduct any necessary investigation of the accident or serious incident.

Answer 18

When the location of the accident or the serious incident cannot definitely be established as being in the territory of any State, the State of (Registry) shall institute and conduct any necessary investigation of the accident or serious incident.

Question 19

When the accident or the serious incident has occurred in the territory of a non-Contracting State which does not intend to conduct an investigation the State of (Occurance/Design/Registry/Operator) should endeavour to institute and conduct an investigation in cooperation with the State of Occurrence but, failing such cooperation, should itself conduct an investigation with such information as is available.

Answer 19

When the accident or the serious incident has occurred in the territory of a non-Contracting State which does not intend to conduct an investigation the State of (Registry) should endeavour to institute and conduct an investigation in cooperation with the State of Occurrence but, failing such cooperation, should itself conduct an investigation with such information as is available.

Question 20

According to ICAO Annex 13, a contracting state is obligated to investigate an accident/incident within its state (and/but not) over high seas.

Answer 20

According to ICAO Annex 13, a contracting state is obligated to investigate an accident/incident within its state (but not) over high seas.

Question 21

Any investigation conducted in accordance with the provisions of Annex 13 shall be (in accordance with/separate from) any judicial or administrative proceedings to apportion blame or liability.

Answer 21

Any investigation conducted in accordance with the provisions of Annex 13 shall be (separate from) any judicial or administrative proceedings to apportion blame or liability.

Question 22

With reference to Council Directive/42/EC, the definition of an ‘occurrence’ is an operational interruption, defect, fault or other irregular circumstance that has or may have influenced flight safety and that (has/has not/has or has not) resulted in an accident or serious incident.

Answer 22

With reference to Council Directive/42/EC, the definition of an ‘occurrence’ is an operational interruption, defect, fault or other irregular circumstance that has or may have influenced flight safety and that (has not) resulted in an accident or serious incident.

Question 23

State which of the following occurrences must be reported:

• lost baggage
• crew incapacitation
• structural defects
• debris in walkway
• passenger sickness
• collisions, near collisions or potential for collisions

Answer 23

State which of the following occurrences must be reported:

• lost baggage
• crew incapacitation
• structural defects
• debris in walkway
• passenger sickness
• collisions, near collisions or potential for collisions

Question 24

Each Member State shall designate one or more competent authorities to establish a mechanism to collect, evaluate, process, analyse and store details of occurrences (in collaboration with the authority/independently).

Answer 24

Each Member State shall designate one or more competent authorities to establish a mechanism to collect, evaluate, process, analyse and store details of occurrences (independently).

Question 25

All occurence reports collected in the EU are managed in a European Central Repository. Member states are (encouraged/obliged) to transfer all relevant information from national databases to this Repository.

Answer 25

All occurence reports collected in the EU are managed in a European Central Repository. Member states are (obliged) to transfer all relevant information from national databases to this Repository.

- New LO, source EU 376/2014, Arctiles 6, 8, 13, 14 -