zoology: animal diversity Flashcards
Do sponges (Porifera) have tissues?
: No, they have specialized cells but lack true tissues.
What kind of symmetry do sponges have?
Sponges (Porifera) are asymmetrical.
What is unique about the feeding process of sponges?
Sponges use collar cells to create water currents and filter-feed.
Are sponges mobile or sessile?
Sponges are sessile, meaning they are attached to a substrate.
What are examples of animals in the phylum Cnidaria?
Jellyfish, corals, sea anemones, and blue bottles
How many tissue layers do Cnidaria have?
They are diploblastic, meaning they have two tissue layers.
What type of symmetry do Cnidaria have?
Radial symmetry.
What are nematocysts, and which phylum has them?
Nematocysts are stinging cells used by Cnidaria for catching prey.
Describe the body forms of Cnidaria.
Cnidaria can exist as sessile polyps (mouth facing up) or free-swimming medusae (mouth facing down).
What animals are included in the phylum Platyhelminthes?
Flatworms like Planaria, flukes, and tapeworms.
How many tissue layers do Platyhelminthes have?
They are triploblastic, with three tissue layers.
Do Platyhelminthes have a coelom?
No, they are acoelomate (lack a coelom).
What kind of gut do Platyhelminthes have?
They have a single gut opening (no through-gut).
What is an example of an animal in the phylum Annelida?
Earthworms, polychaetes, and leeches.
What kind of symmetry and gut structure do Annelida have?
They are bilaterally symmetrical and have a through-gut (both mouth and anus).
What type of skeleton do Annelida have?
They have a hydrostatic skeleton.
What animals are included in the phylum Arthropoda?
Insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and myriapods.
What type of symmetry and skeleton do Arthropoda have?
They are bilaterally symmetrical with an exoskeleton.
What type of digestive system do Arthropoda have?
They have a through-gut.
What animals are included in the phylum Chordata
Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
Describe the skeleton of Chordata.
They have an endoskeleton made of bone or cartilage.
What is cephalisation, and which phyla show this feature?
Cephalisation is the development of a head with sensory organs, seen in Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, and Chordata.
What are nematodes, and what is unique about them?
Nematodes are roundworms with tubular digestive systems, and some are parasitic to Chordata.
What are molluscs, and give an example?
Molluscs are invertebrates like snails, slugs, and octopuses.
