gaseous exchange: functions and health Flashcards
How can lung volume be measured?
Lung volume can be measured using a spirometer or by blowing up a balloon and calculating the air volume, correcting for air pressure changes as the balloon expands.
What does homeostasis refer to?
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment in the body, regulated by mechanisms like negative feedback.q
What happens to carbon dioxide levels in the blood during exercise?
Carbon dioxide levels increase, which triggers the brain to raise heart and breathing rates to expel more carbon dioxide, a process controlled by negative feedback.
What are common lung diseases?
Lung diseases include tuberculosis, bronchitis, asthma, emphysema, hay fever, and lung cancer.
What causes bronchitis, and how is it treated?
Bronchitis is caused by viral infections leading to inflammation of the bronchi and mucous membranes. Treatment includes rest, pain medication, and possibly antibiotics if bacterial infection is present.
What is asthma, and what triggers it?
Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the airways triggered by allergens like dust, pollen, and smoke. It is treated with medication like asthma pumps and anti-allergy medicine.
What are some laws regarding smoking in South Africa?
South Africa’s Tobacco Products Control Act restricts smoking in public places, advertising of tobacco, and imposes age restrictions on tobacco product access.
