homeostatis and kidney diseases (excretion)

Question 1

what’s osmoregulation

Answer 1

-water balance
-controlled by anti diuretic hormone (ADH)
-produced by hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland

Question 2

what’s low water content

Answer 2

-increased ADH makes tubules and ducts more permeable, leading to more water reabsorption and concentrated urine

Question 3

what’s high water content

Answer 3

-decreased ADH makes tubules and ducts less permeable, leading to less water reabsorption and diluted urine

Question 4

what’s salt regulation

Answer 4

-controlled by aldosterone, secreted by adrenal glands

Question 5

what’s low salt content

Answer 5

-more aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, retaining sodium in the body

Question 6

what’s high salt content

Answer 6

-less aldosterone decreases sodium reabsorption leading to more sodium excretion

Question 7

what’s kidney stones

Answer 7

-solid crystals form from undissolved wastes in urine, causing blocks and pain

Question 8

what’s bilharzia

Answer 8

-a parasitic infection affecting the kidneys and bladder

Question 9

what’s renal failure

Answer 9

-caused by high blood pressure etc to loss of kidney function

Question 10

what’s the treatment for renal failure

Answer 10

-dialysis
-haemodialysis: a machine that filters the blood, removing waste
-kidney transplant: a donor replaces the failed kidney