WW1 politcial/military issues Flashcards
rev 1917
collapse of monarchy in feb, est a provisional gov, seizure of power by bolsheviks in october.
the decision to go to war was..
popular with the public due to nationalising, however by 1917 russian people was feb up with war.
the imperial russian army
the vast army was rapidly assembled and transported to eastern front (railway-trade/recourses)-6m enlisted by 1914. Between 1914-17, 15million men were mobalised. conscripted peansnts.
the repsonse of duma(4th)
voted in favour of war credits- raised by taxing peansts/uwc, foreign invetsment (france)
the duma disolved themselves, not wanting to burden the country ‘unessasry polotics’
outline of political/military impact of the war
+by end of 1914
1914- initial victories for russia agaisnt hungary.
ended aug 1914- germany hits the russian advance with devestating victory at battle tonnenburg
nov1914- ottoman empire joins side of central powers-rtw/cw(germany/autstria,hingary) and blace naval blockade on black sea port (TRADE)
By end of 1914, russia already lost 20k men through deaths, 90k captures
by may 1915 germany launched an offensive
leading to hevay defeats for Russia
300k did, 1.5m prisoner , many more had deserted. resulted in great retreat by russians, pulled back from polish salient and retreated to thin the eastern front lines.
whilst back at home 80k workers on stike in june, 200k by september
liberals mount pressure on the autocracy
(domestic issues)
zemgar(leader of kadet) claim right to help tsar in war effort>turned into form of discontent.
kadets/ocotoberist/progressives from 4th duma demand constitutional monarchy.
august 1915- n.2 perosnally took control of military
public deception of n.2/autocracy changed. instablity fo autocracy rise+discontent rising. >blamed him. alexandra took control at home
the public percepition fo n.2 / autocracy changed.
n.2 blamed personally for military defeats (commander cheif)
alexandra conspiring
influence of rasputin over alexandra- personally got rid of liberal ministers. - concervative ways like 1855
ministerial leap from sep1915,feb1917
3 minister foreign affairs/war/transport
4minister ag/om/internal affairs
time line of ww1 1915-1917
1915 winter: RUSSIA train soliders/order production drive
june 1916:brusilov offense, authrisan hungary lines in ukrain= weak relying on germany
1917:german proved too strong for russia, continued defeats, driven too deep into russian terrirory
milatary issues, depsite having the largest army, gov failed to supply forces adeuqatley
considerbale lack of munitons, artilitary had limited supply, quality of learship was poor(based of loyalty to tsar)
desertaions-500k by 1917
domestic siturations in russia req miltary
in total 7m men woulded/dead/captured
the petrograd was full of dicontent soildiers end of 1916
which had more of an impact:political/miltary
milatry:consripted peasnts/leaderhsip incompetence/weaponary
poltical:duma/minsterial leap frong/rasputin/alexandra/look incompetence/pupilc perception .2 blame him changig
