POLITICAL AUTHRORITY DEVELOPMENT 1894-1917 Flashcards
n.2 response to pressure made things worse
used repressions(okhrana) instead of reform concessions = caused further resentment (1905 russian rev)
great famine 1891-2
starvation,400k died, gov didn’t help(relied on zemstvas) gov look incompetient= relief effort blankebrug (American)75mil’russian famine relief’
inc peasant disfaftions= rebirth populist/liberal opposition
liberals demand for greater democracy/stronger
limits on tsar power
more democracy at national level
give more power elected individuals(l.c+governers)
more liberals actively involved in zemstavs institutions (thirdel)
moderate liberals
demanded ‘consultitive assembly’
radicle liberals
wanted national parliemtn - anger by restrictions placed on zemstavs
number of liberals with liberal attitudes grown 1860
-inc ed, creation of loc gov, development industry > larger bourgeois, dev professions mc
liberals wanted wider participation in political system
demanded more democracy
liberals demand for democracy (dismissed by n.2)
1895- THETVER ZEMSTVAS
petitions n.2 to set up advisory body
liberals demand for democracy (dismissed by n.2)
1895- PRINCE IVOV
demanded all class zensvo at district land+creation of national assembly
(everyone)
liberals demand for democracy (dismissed by n.2)
1896 - DIMITRY
tried to set up national all, zemstvo organisation
n2 quotes on liberals
‘sensless dreams’ ‘uphold autocracy as firmly as father’
1903 liberals established ‘union of liberation’
push for democratic reform/replace tsar with constitutional monarch under influence of marxist
‘union of liberation’
AIM
founded by Pyotr-germany
ecourgae zemstvo to pressure throne for new constitoution, establish ‘banqueting campaing’- allowing liberals to meet to discuss democratic reforms, encouraging formation of unions
played influential role 1905 rev
zemstvo liberals
-coop with rev groups(didn’t agree violence)
-organised strikes during rev/coordinated wc
-forces tsar issue October manifesto-promised national assembly.
main political party came out liberal movements
kadets/octoberists
peasant dissasfaction
long terms causes
resentment from land hunger/emanctipation
remained poor(worst land/methods/tools)
rural over pop-land hunger
still exploded by nobles land owners
peasnts becoming inc rebellious
inspired by populist prop
wide spread peasant country disturbances
arson/land seizures
‘1903-4’years of red cockrel’ =ecomonic discontent
repression was used to crush peasnts
stolypin(interior miniters>pm)
introduces harsh measures 1906 onwards (beatings executions
student radicalising
inc active
carried out demonstartions
inspired liberal/populist/marxist (more literature)
strike in 1899 protest against treatment
start a.2/n.2 uni students
3000>1897=30k
student repressed
gov introduced ‘temporary rules 1899’
Cossacks,1901 charge a crowd of students, kill 13, 1500 students impriosned
