Wrist & Hand - General Information

Question 1

Creases on your palm are actually

Answer 1

attachments of skin to superficial palmar aponeuroses

Question 2

Superficial palmar aponeurosis spilts into what two layers

Answer 2

superficial and deep

Question 3

Functions of palmar aponeurosis (3)

Answer 3

minimize slippage during grasping activities (stabilize palmar skin)

protect underlying mm, n, vessels

help create carpal tunnel (deep layer of PA)

Question 4

Extensor and flexor retinaculum mechanical function

Answer 4

maintain more constant moment arm at PIP and DIP that each tendon crosses

Question 5

Flexor retinaculum of fingers is composed of (2)

Answer 5

cruciform ligaments
annular ligaments (A1-A5)

Question 6

5 mm groups of hand?

Answer 6

Thenar eminence

Hypothenar eminence

Lumbricals

PADs

DABs

Question 7

What composes the thenar eminence?

*** (All For One And) One For All

Answer 7

(4 layers, sup to deep:)

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
adductor pollicis

Question 8

What composes the hypothenar eminence?

Answer 8

(3 mm)

abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi

Question 9

Which lumbricals are unipennate or bipennate?

*** “LU MB ricals”

Answer 9

lateral 2 - unipennate

medial 2 - bipennate

Question 10

DABs are unipennate or bipennate?

Answer 10

bipennate

Question 11

What is the dorsal digital expansion?

Answer 11

triangular aponeurosis through which the extensor digitorum, interossei, and lumbricals exert their coordinated actions at the MCP and IP joints

Question 12

Tendon of DDE trifurcates over the

Answer 12

proximal phalanx

Question 13

The central tendon of the DDE inserts on

Answer 13

dorsal base of the middle phalanx

Question 14

Two lateral bands of the DDE travel

Answer 14

on either side of the PIP and inserts on the dorsal base of the distal phalanx

Question 15

The trifurcation of the DDE is held in place by the

Answer 15

transverse fibers of the expansion

Question 16

The tendon of an _______ commingles with the lateral band of ED at the _______ and becomes an integral part to it

Answer 16

interosseous muscle

middle phalanx

Question 17

On the radial side the tendon of the ________ joins the ED at the ______, just distal to the interosseous tendon

Answer 17

lumbrical

PIP

Question 18

Name the carpals (8)

Answer 18

scaphoid
lunate
triquetrium
pisiform
trapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate

Question 19

Pisiform lies ______ to the triquetrum

Answer 19

anterior

Question 20

The pisiform and hook of hamate form the

***passage of ulnar n is here

Answer 20

tunnel of Guyon

Question 21

What travels in the tunnel of Guyon?

Answer 21

ulnar n

Question 22

FOOSH injuries typically result in what carpal being fractured?

Answer 22

usually through the narrow waist of the scaphoid

Question 23

blood flow disrupted distal to proximal

poor prognosis - malunion (fractured bone heals in an abnormal position) or nonunion (A nonunion occurs when a fractured bone fails to heal after an extended recovery period)

pain on palpation of anatomical snuff box

often requires extensive mobilization and surgery

Answer 23

scaphoid fracture

Question 24

The scaphoid bone is aka…

Answer 24

navicular

Question 25

What allows for the extensive ROM at the 1st CMC joint?

Answer 25

base of 1st MC is saddle-shaped to articulate with trapezium, allows greater motion

Question 26

What movements are at the first MCP joint? (4)

Answer 26

flex/extend abduction/adduction IR/ER opposition/reposition

Question 27

At your MCP joints, what is concave and what is convex?

Answer 27

heads of MC are convex bases of proximal phalanges are concave

Question 28

What movements are at the MCP (knuckle) joints? (2)

Answer 28

flex/extend abduction/adduction

Question 29

AT IP joints, what is concave and what is convex? (similar to MCP joints)

Answer 29

concave proximal base convex distal head

Question 30

Where are the sesamoid bones around the thumb?

Answer 30

embedded in tendons of FPB and AddP

Question 31

What runs in between the sesamoid bones of the thumb?

Answer 31

FPL

Question 32

What are the joints of the wrist? (2)

Answer 32

DRUJ radiocarpal joint

Question 33

Distal ulna is separated from proximal row of carpals by the...

Answer 33

triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)

Question 34

Disruption of TFCC may lead to...

Answer 34

carpal instability early osteoarthritis

Question 35

Borders of carpal tunnel

Answer 35

Roof - flexor retinaculum Radial border - scaphoid tubercle, trapezium tubercle Ulnar border - pisiform, hook of hamate

Question 36

Contents of carpal tunnel (10) ***F I spilled my meds. Dear, don't panic.

Answer 36

FDS (4) FDP (4) FPL (1) median n (1)

Question 37

T or F; Flexor Carpi Radialis tendon is within carpal tunnel

Answer 37

FALSE FCR tendon lies just lateral to carpal tunnel as it passes through its groove on the trapezium

Question 38

**Proximal row** of carpal bones (4)

Answer 38

1. scaphoid 2. lunate 3. triquetrum 4. pisiform

Question 39

**Distal row** of carpal bones

Answer 39

1. trapezium 2. trapezoid 3. capitate 4. hamate