PECTORAL REGION - CLINICAL APPLICATION Flashcards
Upper limb will not be able to elevate normally above horizontal position bc muscle is not able upwardly rotate scapula to allow complete ABDuction or elevation of limb
Common source of injury is bullets directed towards the thorax and is also vulnerable during mastectomy surgery
Long thoracic nerve is injured
paralysis of serratus anterior
paralysis of serratus anterior
the medial border of the scapula moves laterally and posteriorly away from thoracic wall
when limbs are elevated and during a mastectomy the nerve is especially vulnerable
long thoracic nerve
presentation of a “dropped shoulder” with a marked ipsilateral weakness when the shoulder is elevated (shrugged) against resistance
often occurs as a traction injury such as whiplash, tumor, or cervical lymph node biopsy or surgical procedure at the posterior triangle
spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
Surgery (axillary, mastectomy, scapular lymph node) can damage nerve (C6 - C8)
Latissimus dorsi/pectoralis major form an anterioposterior muscular sling between trunk and arm.
Nerve damage, cannot raise trunk with upper limbs (climbing)
thoracodorsal nerve
nerve to rhomboids and levator scapulae muscles affects the actions of these muscles if damaged
dorsal scapular nerve
direct blow or indirect injury of the shoulder of a child or adolescent
injuries to the epiphysis can retard growth of the affected part of the bone
fracture dislocation of proximal humeral epiphysis
producing instability of the GH joint
trauma may tear or rupture one or more of the tendons of these muscles (supraspinatus tendon most commonly ruptured)
rotator cuff injury
Near inferior angle of the scapula
Gap in musculature (lats, traps & scapula)
6th and 7th ribs and 6th rib space are “relatively exposed”
Triangle of Auscultation
Vascular disease where the blood vessels carrying oxygen away from the heart (arteries) become damaged
Arteriosclerosis
a common condition caused by weak or damaged vein walls and valves
Varicose Veins
