The 7 Systems & ANS Flashcards

1
Q

3 main integumentary layers

A

epidermis
dermis
subcutaneous

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2
Q

specialized structures (3)

A

hair follicles
sebaceous glands
sweat glands

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3
Q

functions of integumentary system

A

provides protection, containment, regulates heat, and provides sensation

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4
Q

synthesizes and stores

A

vitamin D

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5
Q

predominant collagen fiber direction and affect healing and scarring (e.g., wound care and surgery)

A

tension lines

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6
Q

contains most of the body fat stores although fat can be stored in many areas including around internal organs

A

subcutaneous tissue

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7
Q

a connective tissue beneath the subcutaneous tissue

A

deep fascia

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8
Q

4 types of deep fascia

A

intermuscular septa
investing fascia
subserous fascia
retinacula

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9
Q

divide muscle groups

A

intermuscular septa

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10
Q

surrounds individual muscles and neuromuscular bundles

A

investing fascia

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11
Q

lies between musculoskeletal walls and the serous membranes lining body cavity

A

subserous fascia

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12
Q

hold tendons in place during joint movement

A

retinacula

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13
Q

the bones that form the skull, laryngeal skeleton, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

A

axial skeleton

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14
Q

comprised of the upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder girdle and pelvis

A

appendicular skeleton

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15
Q

function of skeletal system

A

provides support, protection, movement and storage, and synthesizes blood cells

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16
Q

outer covering of bone

A

periosteum

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17
Q

5 classifications of bones

A

long
short
flat
irregular
sesamoid

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18
Q

6 classifications of synovial joints

A

plane
hinge
saddle
condyloid
ball and socket
pivot

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19
Q

shortening of mm

A

isotonic (concentric)

20
Q

mm length increases

A

eccentric

21
Q

mm length remain constant

A

isometric

22
Q

the mm that moves

A

prime mover (agonist)

23
Q

the muscle that is relaxing or lengthening

A

antagonist (opposes)

24
Q

act around a moveable joint to produce motion similar to or in concert with agonist muscles

A

synergist (compliments)

25
Q

the cardiovascular system consists of

A

heart and blood vessels

26
Q

____ contain elastic and muscular fibers involved in the cardiovascular system

A

arteries

27
Q

thinner and contain valves to prevent back flow in the passive vascular system

A

veins

28
Q

the lymph system drains

A

surplus fluid from the extracellular spaces into the bloodstream

29
Q

enlargement of lymph nodes or vessels may indicate

A

injury, infection or disease

30
Q

brain and spinal cord

A

CNS

31
Q

nerve fibers and cell bodies outside CNS that conduct impulses toward or away from the CNS

A

PNS

32
Q

Bundle of nerve fibers are covered by… (3)

A

endoneurium
perineurium
epineurium

33
Q

collection of cell bodies outside the CNS

A

ganglion

34
Q

afferent (sensory) fibers run

A

distal to proximal

35
Q

efferent (motor) fibers run

A

proximal to distal

36
Q

most of them exit the cranial cavity through foramina in the cranium; may include motor fibers only, sensory fibers only, or both

A

cranial nerves

37
Q

exit the vertebral column through intervertebral foramina and contain motor (efferent/ventral root) and sensory (afferent/dorsal root) fibers

A

spinal (segmental) nerves

38
Q

catabolic; fight or flight (energy-expending)

A

Sympathetic NS

39
Q

homeostatic or anabolic; energy-conserving (rest and digest)

A

Parasympathetic NS

40
Q

presynaptic and post synaptic neurons connect the

A

CNS to the end organ

41
Q

presynaptic cell bodies of the sympathetic division are found in the

A

interomediolateral cell columns of gray matter in the thoracolumbar spinal cord

42
Q

Presynaptic sympathetic nerve fibers terminate in the sympathetic ganglia formed of the cell bodies of the postynaptic sympathetic neurons…located in the

A

sympathetic trunks (paravertebral ganglia) or around the roots of the major branches of the abdominal aorta (prevertebral ganglia)

43
Q

This parasympathetic division are in the gray matter of the brainstem and sacral segments of the spinal cord (e.g., craniosacral).

A

presynaptic cell bodies

44
Q

This parasympathetic neurons of the trunk are located in or on the structure being innervated

A

postsynaptic cell bodies

45
Q

Which system is the common source of spread of cancerous cells

A

lymphoid system