The 7 Systems & ANS

Question 1

3 main integumentary layers

Answer 1

epidermis
dermis
subcutaneous

Question 2

specialized structures (3)

Answer 2

hair follicles
sebaceous glands
sweat glands

Question 3

functions of integumentary system

Answer 3

provides protection, containment, regulates heat, and provides sensation

Question 4

synthesizes and stores

Answer 4

vitamin D

Question 5

predominant collagen fiber direction and affect healing and scarring (e.g., wound care and surgery)

Answer 5

tension lines

Question 6

contains most of the body fat stores although fat can be stored in many areas including around internal organs

Answer 6

subcutaneous tissue

Question 7

a connective tissue beneath the subcutaneous tissue

Answer 7

deep fascia

Question 8

4 types of deep fascia

Answer 8

intermuscular septa
investing fascia
subserous fascia
retinacula

Question 9

divide muscle groups

Answer 9

intermuscular septa

Question 10

surrounds individual muscles and neuromuscular bundles

Answer 10

investing fascia

Question 11

lies between musculoskeletal walls and the serous membranes lining body cavity

Answer 11

subserous fascia

Question 12

hold tendons in place during joint movement

Answer 12

retinacula

Question 13

the bones that form the skull, laryngeal skeleton, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

Answer 13

axial skeleton

Question 14

comprised of the upper and lower extremities, which include the shoulder girdle and pelvis

Answer 14

appendicular skeleton

Question 15

function of skeletal system

Answer 15

provides support, protection, movement and storage, and synthesizes blood cells

Question 16

outer covering of bone

Answer 16

periosteum

Question 17

5 classifications of bones

Answer 17

long
short
flat
irregular
sesamoid

Question 18

6 classifications of synovial joints

Answer 18

plane
hinge
saddle
condyloid
ball and socket
pivot

Question 19

shortening of mm

Answer 19

isotonic (concentric)

Question 20

mm length increases

Answer 20

eccentric

Question 21

mm length remain constant

Answer 21

isometric

Question 22

the mm that moves

Answer 22

prime mover (agonist)

Question 23

the muscle that is relaxing or lengthening

Answer 23

antagonist (opposes)

Question 24

act around a moveable joint to produce motion similar to or in concert with agonist muscles

Answer 24

synergist (compliments)

Question 25

the cardiovascular system consists of

Answer 25

heart and blood vessels

Question 26

____ contain elastic and muscular fibers involved in the cardiovascular system

Answer 26

arteries

Question 27

thinner and contain valves to prevent back flow in the passive vascular system

Answer 27

veins

Question 28

the lymph system drains

Answer 28

surplus fluid from the extracellular spaces into the bloodstream

Question 29

enlargement of lymph nodes or vessels may indicate

Answer 29

injury, infection or disease

Question 30

brain and spinal cord

Answer 30

CNS

Question 31

nerve fibers and cell bodies outside CNS that conduct impulses toward or away from the CNS

Answer 31

PNS

Question 32

Bundle of nerve fibers are covered by... (3)

Answer 32

endoneurium perineurium epineurium

Question 33

collection of cell bodies outside the CNS

Answer 33

ganglion

Question 34

afferent (sensory) fibers run

Answer 34

distal to proximal

Question 35

efferent (motor) fibers run

Answer 35

proximal to distal

Question 36

most of them exit the cranial cavity through foramina in the cranium; may include motor fibers only, sensory fibers only, or both

Answer 36

cranial nerves

Question 37

exit the vertebral column through intervertebral foramina and contain motor (efferent/ventral root) and sensory (afferent/dorsal root) fibers

Answer 37

spinal (segmental) nerves

Question 38

catabolic; fight or flight (energy-expending)

Answer 38

Sympathetic NS

Question 39

homeostatic or anabolic; energy-conserving (rest and digest)

Answer 39

Parasympathetic NS

Question 40

presynaptic and post synaptic neurons connect the

Answer 40

CNS to the end organ

Question 41

presynaptic cell bodies of the sympathetic division are found in the

Answer 41

interomediolateral cell columns of gray matter in the thoracolumbar spinal cord

Question 42

Presynaptic sympathetic nerve fibers **terminate** in the sympathetic ganglia formed of the cell bodies of the postynaptic sympathetic neurons...located in the

Answer 42

sympathetic trunks (paravertebral ganglia) or around the roots of the major branches of the abdominal aorta (prevertebral ganglia)

Question 43

This *parasympathetic* *division* are in the **gray matter of** the **brainstem** and **sacral segments of** the **spinal cord** (e.g., craniosacral).

Answer 43

presynaptic cell bodies

Question 44

This *parasympathetic neurons* of the **trunk** are **located in or on** the **structure being innervated**

Answer 44

postsynaptic cell bodies

Question 45

Which system is the **common source of spread of cancerous cells**

Answer 45

lymphoid system