Elbow - Joints & Ligaments Flashcards
The radial head is held in place by what ligament?
Annular ligament
The HUJ is what type of joint?
Hinge
What acts as a butress to lateral compression?
capitulum
What joint receives the bulk of lateral compression and rotational forces with rapid forearm movements (throwing)?
HRJ
What articulates at the PRUJ?
Radial head of radius and radial notch of ulna
What articulates at the DRUJ?
Ulnar head of ulna and ulnar notch of radius
The PRUJ is what type of joint?
Pivot
The PRUJ allows for what movement?
Pronation and supination of forearm
Function of interosseous membrane? (3)
increase surface area for muscle attachment
transmits forces from distal to proximal
guides movement of radius in pronation/supination
Primary, secondary allows tertiary stability of elbow joint?
Primary - structural integrity (humeroulnar joint)
Secondary - ligamentous support
Tertiary - muscular support
The elbow joint capsule is thicker _____ than ______
Thicker anteriorly than posteriorly
What are the 3 components of the ulnar (medial) collateral ligament?
Anterior band
Posterior band
Transverse (oblique) band
The anterior band of the UCL goes from…
Medial epicondyle to coronoid process
The posterior band of the UCL goes from…
medial epicondyle to medial aspect of olecranon process
The transverse band of the UCL goes from…
***ULNA TO ULNA
Medial coronoid process to medial olecranon process
The UCL reconstruction is also famously known as
Tommy John Surgery
“GIRD” stands for
***associated with Tommy John *UCL) surgery
Glenohumeral
Internal
Rotation
Deficit
Frequency of UCL vs Medial Epicondyle Apophyseal fractures in young athletes??
Medial epicondyle apophyseal fractures are typically in younger throwing athletes (prior full maturation, long bones still growing, apophysis=growth plate)
UCL injury is less common in young athletes prior to full maturation
The radial (lateral) collateral ligament goes from…
***uniques because the RCL runs from ligament to ligament
lateral epicondyle to annular ligament (ring)
***uniques because the RCL runs from ligament to ligament
Is the radial (lateral) collateral ligament strong?
No its weak
Most lateral stability comes from the joint structure
Function of RCL?
Support annular ligament
Lateral ulnar collateral ligament goes from…
“sling” to support radial head
Limited degree of support to capsule and varus forces
If the LUCL ruptures, it results in…
Posterior lateral rotary instability (PLRI)
Function of the annular ligament?
holds radial head against ulna
Annular ligament origin and insertion?
Coronoid process
The distal segment of the annular ligament acts as a (2)
restraint to traction
allows pronation and supination
Clinical implications of annular ligament?
Subluxation of radial head (Nursemaids elbow)
Anterior band of UCL function? (2)
Primary restraint to extension
Restraint to valgus throughout entire range of motion
Posterior band of UCL function?
Primary restraint to valgus from 65-140 degrees of flexion
Transverse band of UCL function?
Reinforce medial capsule
Not a significant source of articular stability
What joint allows flexion & extension of elbow
humeroulnar joint
Clinical implications of HRJ: little league pitchers at risk; especially when throwing curve balls
hypertrophy of radial head
- Primary stabilizer for valgus stress
- Taught throughout elbow ROM
Ulnar (medial) collateral ligament
Clinical implications of the UCL: shoulder pathology; “tommy john” surgury
- Weakness
- IR ROM limit
- Instability
“Tommy John” ligament
ulnar collateral ligament
