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Block 1: Upper Limb > Elbow - Joints & Ligaments > Flashcards

Elbow - Joints & Ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

The radial head is held in place by what ligament?

A

Annular ligament

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2
Q

The HUJ is what type of joint?

A

Hinge

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3
Q

What acts as a butress to lateral compression?

A

capitulum

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4
Q

What joint receives the bulk of lateral compression and rotational forces with rapid forearm movements (throwing)?

A

HRJ

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5
Q

What articulates at the PRUJ?

A

Radial head of radius and radial notch of ulna

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6
Q

What articulates at the DRUJ?

A

Ulnar head of ulna and ulnar notch of radius

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7
Q

The PRUJ is what type of joint?

A

Pivot

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8
Q

The PRUJ allows for what movement?

A

Pronation and supination of forearm

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9
Q

Function of interosseous membrane? (3)

A

increase surface area for muscle attachment

transmits forces from distal to proximal

guides movement of radius in pronation/supination

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10
Q

Primary, secondary allows tertiary stability of elbow joint?

A

Primary - structural integrity (humeroulnar joint)

Secondary - ligamentous support

Tertiary - muscular support

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11
Q

The elbow joint capsule is thicker _____ than ______

A

Thicker anteriorly than posteriorly

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12
Q

What are the 3 components of the ulnar (medial) collateral ligament?

A

Anterior band
Posterior band
Transverse (oblique) band

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13
Q

The anterior band of the UCL goes from…

A

Medial epicondyle to coronoid process

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14
Q

The posterior band of the UCL goes from…

A

medial epicondyle to medial aspect of olecranon process

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15
Q

The transverse band of the UCL goes from…

***ULNA TO ULNA

A

Medial coronoid process to medial olecranon process

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16
Q

The UCL reconstruction is also famously known as

A

Tommy John Surgery

17
Q

“GIRD” stands for

***associated with Tommy John *UCL) surgery

A

Glenohumeral
Internal
Rotation
Deficit

18
Q

Frequency of UCL vs Medial Epicondyle Apophyseal fractures in young athletes??

A

Medial epicondyle apophyseal fractures are typically in younger throwing athletes (prior full maturation, long bones still growing, apophysis=growth plate)

UCL injury is less common in young athletes prior to full maturation

19
Q

The radial (lateral) collateral ligament goes from…

***uniques because the RCL runs from ligament to ligament

A

lateral epicondyle to annular ligament (ring)

***uniques because the RCL runs from ligament to ligament

20
Q

Is the radial (lateral) collateral ligament strong?

A

No its weak

Most lateral stability comes from the joint structure

21
Q

Function of RCL?

A

Support annular ligament

22
Q

Lateral ulnar collateral ligament goes from…

“sling” to support radial head

A

Limited degree of support to capsule and varus forces

23
Q

If the LUCL ruptures, it results in…

A

Posterior lateral rotary instability (PLRI)

24
Q

Function of the annular ligament?

A

holds radial head against ulna

25
Q

Annular ligament origin and insertion?

A

Coronoid process

26
Q

The distal segment of the annular ligament acts as a (2)

A

restraint to traction

allows pronation and supination

27
Q

Clinical implications of annular ligament?

A

Subluxation of radial head (Nursemaids elbow)

28
Q

Anterior band of UCL function? (2)

A

Primary restraint to extension

Restraint to valgus throughout entire range of motion

29
Q

Posterior band of UCL function?

A

Primary restraint to valgus from 65-140 degrees of flexion

30
Q

Transverse band of UCL function?

A

Reinforce medial capsule

Not a significant source of articular stability

31
Q

What joint allows flexion & extension of elbow

A

humeroulnar joint

32
Q

Clinical implications of HRJ: little league pitchers at risk; especially when throwing curve balls

A

hypertrophy of radial head

33
Q
  • Primary stabilizer for valgus stress
  • Taught throughout elbow ROM
A

Ulnar (medial) collateral ligament

34
Q

Clinical implications of the UCL: shoulder pathology; “tommy john” surgury

A
  • Weakness
  • IR ROM limit
  • Instability
35
Q

“Tommy John” ligament

A

ulnar collateral ligament

Block 1: Upper Limb (34 decks)

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