SHOULDER - CLINICAL APPLICATION Flashcards
MOI: FOOSH, fall on tip of shoulder, indirect impact
after fx the SCM muscle elevates the medial fragment of the bone
shoulder drops (limits elevation)
slings used to take weight of limb off to facilitate alignment and the healing process
clavicle fracture
usually the result of severe trauma, usually paired with fractured ribs, most require little treatment because the scapula is covered on both sides by muscles, most involve the protruding subcutaneous acromion
scapula fracture
- most injuries of the proximal end fractures the surgical neck
- Radial N. damage
- May cause disruption of blood flow - profunda brachial A.
humerus fracture
What type of SCJ dislocation is considered a medical emergency?
Posterior SCJ dislocation
- Common sports injury
- Usually as a result of a fall on the top of the shoulder
ACJ dislocation
Inflammation & calcification of the subacromial bursa result in pain, tenderness, and limitation of movement of the GHJ
Causes excruciating pain during ABDuction of arm; pain may radiate as far as the hand
calcific supraspinatus tendinitis
Commonly dislocated by direct or indirect injury
Occurs most often in young adults, particularly athletes
Caused by excessive extension and lateral rotation of the humerus
Anterior GHJ dislocation
what nerve is being injured?
deltoid and teres minor atrophy when severely damaged
may be damaged during compression from crutches
loss of sensation may occur over the lateral side of the proximal part of the arm
axillary nerve
compression of the third part of this artery against the humerus may be necessary when profuse bleeding occurs (e.g., resulting from a stab or bullet wound in the axilla)
compression of axillary nerve
fracture of the surgical neck of humerus may injure what nerve?
axillary nerve
Commonly occurs in athletes who throw baseball/football & in those who have shoulder instability and subluxation (partial discoloration)
Sudden contraction of biceps or forceful subluxation of humeral head
Pain while throwing (accelerated phase). Sense of popping/snapping felt during ABDuction and lateral rotation of arm
glenoid labrum tears
“Frozen shoulder”
Difficulty ABDucting the arm
Lack of movement can cause pain during elevation, or shrugging shoulders)
Commonly seen in individuals between 40-60
adhesive capsulitis of GHJ
Why is a posterior SCJ dislocation emergent?
- Potential impingement/damage to vessels & nerves
- Potential compression of trachea & esophagus
Fractures around this area have a poor prognosis because the blood supply is often interupted
Anatomical neck of humerus
When the blood supply is disrupted of the anatomical neck this may lead to
avascular necrosis
