World Civ. Chapter 8 Flashcards
Anaconda Plan
Unions primary military strategy during the early stages of the civil war. Winfeild Scott designed this strategy of blockades and gradual strangulation.
3 main compnets
1. Naval blockade-union blocked southern ports cutting confederacys resources and trade
2. Control of MS River- were able to split Confederacy in 2
3. Suffocating the confederacy- Trying to suffocate confederacy’s resources and economic abiilities
1860 Election
Abe Lincoln(Republican Party)- Anti-slavery
Douglas(Northern Democrat)- Popular Soverignty
Breckinridge(Southern Democrat)- Pro Slavery
Lincoln won without a single southern state. Because of this several southern states ceded the union setting stage for civil war
Dred Scott Decision
Dred Scott- Enslaved african american man who was taken by his owner to free territory and sued for his freedom and this reached supreme court
Dred Scott Descion- Said african Americans free or enslaved are NOT U.S. citizens and had no right to sue.
It angered many abolitionist and northern republicans
Deepend the divide between North and South
Mexican War
1846-48 driven by US to annex Texas and expand furthur west. Driven by Manifest Destiny
Mexico viewed annexation of Texas as an aggressive act US decleared war after an attack
Ended in 1848 with Treaty of Gaudalupe Hidalgo
Mexico ceded Cali, Ari, NM, and for 15 million
Fulfilled manifest destiny but caused tension eventually leading to civil war
War Hawks
Group of american political leaders who strongly advocated for war specifically war of 1812 US vs. British
Mostly western and southern US
Pushed for military action as a way to assert American soverignty and control over western fronteir
Desire to defend national honor, expand territory, and address grieveances such as british influences and trade
Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien Acts- Allowed president to expel all aliens of an enemy state in the event of war or threat of war
Sedition Acts- Criminalized writing or speaking in a scandalous or malicous way. Gov. allowed to decide what constituted scandal or malice
13, 14, and 15 Amendments
13th- Slavery nor involuntary servitude, except criminal punishment for convicted crime, shall exist in the US
14th- Rights for african americans.
Citizenship clause- born or naturalized
Due Process- stops a sate from denying anyone natural rights
15th- Voting rights for african americans
Reconstruction
Reconstruction process of rebuilding the union after lincolns death. Andrew Jackson took over conventions by former confederate states who pledge loyalty to US Constitution
Each state had to write their own constitution under new laws and rejoin union
Expaned wesr because of Manifest destiny
2nd Industrial Revolution
Started when union started expanding westward after the civil war
Making new process for old products(Steel)
Started Giant corporations creating manufacturing and marketing (Robber Barrons and Merchant Princes)
Populism
Voice of the farmer and small tradesmen who wanted the gov to regulate big companies
Wanted expansion of money supply by increasing the coinage of silver, graduated income tax, gov. control of railroads and tariffs for gov. revune only.
Progressivism
Sole Sucess story of new politcal movements at urn of the century
Mainly middle and upper middle class and edeucated members of public
Reform was based off faith in science and reason, Common sense and careful study of a problem could determine resolution
Quebec Act 1774
Allowed quebcois catholics access to public office form which they had previously barred by British law. Provieded assembly to advise governer and create a hybrid legal system of french civil law and english criminal law
Durham Report
Report of the affairs of british north america
When durhams cheif secartary charles Buher determined that Canada had stagnated under the oligarchs and that the country had to develop its economic resources if it were to survive on the same continent as the Americas
Recommeneded Upper and lower canada was responsible to an elected assembly rather than oligarch dominated councils
British North America Act
Created Dominion of canada passed by British Parliment
New nation established a parlimentary gov. based on British model
Authorized the new nation to expand west past ontario
Cree and Blackfoot
Plains Indians- Dominion negotiated a series of threats in return for ceding control of plains to Canada and agreeing to live on reservation
Were promished Cash subsdies, schools, food, and medicare
Canada did not uphold this and Cree and Blackfoots expirienced poverty, disease, and starvation
