World Civ. Chapter 7 Flashcards
National Workshops
Intended as viable economic production units but quickly turned to massive unsustainable public welfare programs of make-work projects and widespread abuse
National workshop employees grew from 6000 in march to 117000 in june
Reform Banquets
Where Resistance party would find a venue.
Set it up, have dinner, and give speechs about demanding political reform and resignation of Guizot
Banned by government in Jan 14, 1848
Great Reform Bill
Representation of the people act
Radical and conservative bill
56 pocket boroughs dissolved, 30 with fewer than 4000 inhabitants lost one MP. Weymouth and Regis lost 2 of their 4 seats which left 14 to be changed.
65 to underrepresented coutnries. 40 went to 22 expanding territories, 21 smaller towns
Changed the electoral process
Utilitarianism
Tory Party
Idea by econimist Jeremy Bentham. Sought to provide greatest possible benefit to greatest number of people. Anchored in Practicality
Looked at current tax structure
2 questions “Does it work?” and “Can it be better”
Lead to reform in taxes, tariff rates, and law enforcement
Louis-Philippe
Wrapped himself in Tricolor(Revolution Flag)
Was elected lieutenant general of the kingdom by chamber of deputies
Claimed “King of french by grace of God and will of people” Initatied Burgeois monarchy
He was an activist
Charles X (France)
younger brother of Louis XVIII came to power 1824-30
Charles was divine right absolutionist and a natural math for the ultras
Packed ministry with ultras who pushed regressive laws and royal ordinances
Decembrist Revolt
Unsucessful uprising group of russian military officaers inspired by Liberal ideals
Rebelled against Tsar Nicholas 1 demanding constitutional monarchy
289 decembrists were arrested and were each exiled or executed
Rallied in senate square but were crushed by Nicholas army kililng over 1200 people
Burschenshaften
Movement in the universities of german states during 1810s
Students were liberal in their politics, elgarian in memberships, and favored political uniform into a single state
Louis Napoleon
Napoleons Nephew returned from exile with fall of Bougeis monarchy and had been elected to assembly.
Won election with landslide vote and the radicals condemned this
Bided his time and remained uninvolved as assembly alientated the working class and middle class intellectual republicans used his time to prune his cabinet and increase control over the executive branch. Wanted 2nd term but was not allowed it he tried to change constitution with bloodless coup but violence broke out anyway
President Napoleon–> Emporer Napoleon
Lajos Kossuth
1802-94 Firebrand of Hungarian nationalism delivered a speech in Budapest on March 3.
Denounced absolutism and called for hungarian constitution
Led to hungarian protests
Rape of Hungary
Russian Nicholas I sent 140000 troops into Hungary and forced Hungarians to surrender and began the Rape of Hungary
Austrians and Russians swept across a defeated Hungary hanging, shooting, and publicly flogging Hungarians for insolence
Frankfurt Assembly
German assembly to fix ununified German
2 main challenges
1. Deciding form of government
2. What territories should be included
debated between republic and constitutional monarchy.
Settled on federation of states with constituional monarchy
1848 Prussian Constitution
Provided bicramel legislature that met annually not at kings pleasure
Lower house was elected by male sufferage mandated safegaurds for all prussian libiteries
All=Before law protected homes and property freedom of religion, speech, and press.
Arbitary arrest-> gave little voice to common man and put power into elite
King elected minister and cloud declear war, make peace, and negiotiate treaties with out legislature approval.
Crimean War
Western powers declared war on russia
4 points on the wars purpose
1. Renounce any special roles in principalities
2. agree to free navigation
3. agree to a revision of conventiones governing the straits
4. Renounce any claim as defenders of orthodox faith in the ottoman empire
Attacked Russian navy at stevapol on tip of crimean Peninsula
Giusppe Garibaldi
Italian Lieutenant
Professional Republican soldier of fortune who was expelled from piedmont for his revolutionary activites in 1834.
Supported new Italy and commanded defense of Roman Republic
Escaped Rome when overthrown by French
Camillo Cavour
Pragmatist(Italy) became the minister of agriculture, industry, and commerce in 1850 and eventually cominant figure in Emmanuel II government
Wanted to unify Italy to achieve Realpolitik goal of making piedmont stronger
Joined anti russian coalition in crimean war and managed to annex all of the Italian Penninsula except Venetia
German Unification
Achieved in 1871 under Bismark Prime Minister of Russia
Austrians rivaled so they eliminated their power
War with Denamrk(1864)- used Schleswig-Holestein to go to war with prussia and gained scheswig and austria
7 weeks war- Dispute over duchies of schelswig and holstein. Prussia won with modern millitary and Austria was forced to recognize Russian power
Powerful empire excluding austria created beginning of austro hungarian empire
Otto Von Bismarck
Believed Prussia’s destiny to remove austrian dominance and putting Germany in control
Ignored legislatures and used civil service to recruit troops and collect taxes.
Did not care to punish or fire officalswho did not comply
Wantde to eliminate Austrian Influence
Alsace Lorraine
Key territory lost by France to Germany after the franco-prussian war
Alsace-Lorraine was annexed and became a symbol of french humiliation
The regions Germanification created tension which fueled revancism in France and created long lasting French-German tensions eventually leading to WW1
Dual Monarchy
Austro-Hungarian empire established after defeat of Austria
Austria and Hungary were 2 seperate but co-equal states each with own parliment and government but shared 1 monarch Franz Joseph
