World Civ. Chapter 4

Question 1

Estates General

Answer 1

A national Parliment in hopes of solving the crisis of getting wealthier people to carry a heavier tax burden.
Estates General- Organized by social class. Conveaned in versailles where it immeadtly deadlocked over how to conduct a vote.
3rd estates generaks had ability ti levy taxes without consent of other 2 estates.,

Question 2

Salutory Neglect

Answer 2

British Policy of laxly enforcing parlimentary laws, Particularly on trade, on american colonies
Used this to keep the colonies loyal

Question 3

Townshend Duties

Answer 3

Indirect tax levied on imports of lead, glass, paint, paper, tea, and all commodities widely used in colonies

Question 4

Tennis Court Oath

Answer 4

National Assembly that pleged they would remain in session until France had a written constitution
King and assembly glared at each other for a week
Louis gruged assent to a constitution and observed the 2nd estates and remaining members of 1st to join the 2nd. This was renamed the National Constitutent Assembly

Question 5

1975 French Constitution

Answer 5

French wanted to restore the middle class to a position of political dominance and delop safegaurds to prevent tyranny
Adopted Aug 22 1795
Was conservative compared to jacobin 1793 constitution
Consisted of 2 house legislature and a 5 man executive branch

Question 6

Coercive and Intolerable Acts

Answer 6

Coercive Act- Placed to show this tea act behavior is unacceptable. Closed Cities to comercial shipping until restitution had been paid. Renewed quartering act
Quebec act placed all ohion river terrritory under British rule. Coerced americans into behavior
Intolerable Acts- Reacted to coercive acts with defiance. Called for congress to put pressure on impport and export of british goods to press parliment
Continential army collected arms

Question 7

Sans-Cullotes

Answer 7

Radica lower class group during the french revolution
Believed all citizens were equal
Expected national assembly to provide full citizenship with all rights
They were the working poor

Question 8

Girondins and Jacobins

Answer 8

Girondins-Radical deputies that dominated french and foregin policy, interpeted leopolds message as a threat and demanded active defense of the revolution
Jacobins- Demanded and GOt the king tried for . Took power from the girondins and acussed them of being royalists and blamed them for military disaster wrote a new radical constitution based on male sufferage and individual rights.

Question 9

Thermidorean Reaction

Answer 9

When hundreds were killed and more than a few massacres of political prisoners took place
Happen in 1792 against improsioned aristrocrats and preiests
Left a lackluster coaltion in charge

Question 10

Reign of Terror

Answer 10

Radical Jacobin group took over and became a virtual dictatorship
Started reign of terror sep 5 1793- July 27, 1794
Enimies of the people was anyone who disagreed with Jacobin radicalness and were arrested as enemies of the state
Only 2 results in trial Innocent or Death

Question 11

Pragmatic Sanction

Answer 11

Document was a internal agreement with various noble families and hapsburg domains to accept Charles VI daughters lineage and had an agreement with royalty to keep her soverignty.
Eldest daughter Maria Therasa was immeadtly tested
Friedrich II nullified this document

Question 12

French and Indian War

Answer 12

Final Colonial War
Started when colonies were expanding past appalachia and french were coming down from the great lakes
When Washington told french to clear out they did not
Land and aquatic warfare went poorly colonies lost many battles
Prime minister Pitt helped colonies fight with money and material
Colonies eventually beat french taking french territory an florida

Question 13

1791 French Constitution

Answer 13

1st written constitution in France distinguished between active citizens who held political rights
French males over 25 who paid direct taxes equal to 3 days labor and passive citizens who were restricted to civil rights

Question 14

Velley Forge

Answer 14

Valley Forge PA- Where conntential army was pushed by British army
Harsh freezing conditions at valley forge
Friedrich Wilhelm von steuben at valley forge prussian general turned around contintiental army.
General Clinton Abandoned PA heading for NY
Combined with washingtons army in NY and forcibly pushed back british

Question 15

Articles of Confederation

Answer 15

Gave congress the authority to conduct diplomacy or command of forces in times of war to appoint millitary officers
Articels of confederation was a treaty of cooperation between 13 soverign and independent nations
Needed national gov. to coordinate collective affairs

Question 16

3/5 ths promise

Answer 16

A debate during the making of the constitution
5 slaves = 3 people for counting population to determine number of seats each state got in the house.
Was an attempt to limit slave owners powers

Question 17

Tea Act of 1773

Answer 17

Aid finances of ailing British East India Company. Gave the company a monopoly on importing tea to the colonies and exempted companies from pay tax to the crown
In response people threw alot of tea in the harbor

Question 18

Causes of French Revolution

Answer 18

1. Bankruptcy
2. Failed National Assemblys
3. Louis silently moving troops/ starving people
4. Peasants rising against their landlords
5. No solid constitution

Question 19

Continental Army

Answer 19

leader of Army of the colonies that fought battles of the war
George washington was 1st commander in cheif

Question 20

Louis XVI

Answer 20

Came into power when country was in bad state
19 when he took throne, indesicive and differential to ministers and wife

Question 21

Sugar Act and Stamp Act

Answer 21

Sugar Act- 1764, placed reduced but strictly collected tax on molasses imported from foriegn suppliers and substancial tax on refined sugar
Stamp Act- Tax placed on all colonial, commercial and legal papers, newspapers, phamplets,cards,etc. to raise money for british army stationed in america