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Leaving Cert Home Ec - > Work > Flashcards

Work Flashcards

1
Q

define work

A

A physical or mental effort or activity to produce or accomplish something. An economic necessity vital for some people

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2
Q

Categories of work

A

Paid
Unpaid
Voluntary

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3
Q

Examples of unpaid work

A

Housework

Caring for older relative

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4
Q

Reasons why people work,

A

High status/ identity in society eg Garda
Earn money for basic needs
Increased standard of living (disposable income)
Make friends and social contact
Use of educational qualification
Rewarding sense of satisfaction eg nurse

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5
Q

What is Job satisfaction

A

Degree of enjoyment people get from work

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6
Q

What is intrinsic satisfaction

A

Joy in completing a job regardless of financial gain

Joy in finding it rewarding and having a high self esteem eg nurse, teacher

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7
Q

What is extrinsic satisfaction

A

Joy in benefits associated with a job rather than the job itself eg high wages, bonuses, company car

People will stay in a monotonous job for the benefits

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8
Q

Effects of low Job satisfaction

A

Lack of motivation and work ethic
Produce inferior work
Taking extended breaks, dossing, days off
Speaks negatively about the business = customer loss

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9
Q

How does socio economic background affect attitude to work and work attainment

A

Higher socio economic background will have more supports and the opportunity for education for high paid jobs

Lower socio economic backgrounds are less likely to have these supports so will have lower opportunities

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10
Q

How does social contact impact attitude to work

A

Opportunities to make friends with similar interest

Loss of work cab lead to loneliness and isolation

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11
Q

How work attitude affects attitude to work and work attainment

A

Includes good attitude to work
This is attractive to employers that the employee is hardworking, honest, respectful to authority and willing to learn)
Developed in home and school

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12
Q

What does a good attitude to work look like

A

Puntual
Good attendance
Loyal
Motivated

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13
Q

How do working conditions affect attitude to work

A

Safe, clean, friendly workspace creates happy employees who are more productive
Less motivated in hostile environment

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14
Q

Factors affecting work attitudes and work attainment

A 
Job satisfaction 
Socio economic background 
Social contact
Work ethic
Working conditions
Personal identity
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15
Q

Maximum weekly working hours

A

48 hours

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16
Q

How working hours vary from job to job

A

Flexible (flexible, part time, job share)
Work from home
Typical 9-5

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17
Q

How employee participation varies from job to job

A

Having a say in decisions empowers workers and makes them feel valued.
They will have increased confidence and productivity and loyalty knowing ideas taken on board

In many workplaces it is still not valued and certain people maintain authority and power

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18
Q

How manual work varies from job to job

A

Labour intensity varies eg bricklayer vs manager

Labour intense jobs less common due to technology
Safer due to technology

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19
Q

How stress levels vary from job to job

A

Stress caused by high responsibility and long working hours

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20
Q

Impact of stress on work

A

Reduction in productivity
Physical health affected eg CHD
Mental health affected
Family relationships affected (long hours)

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21
Q

How entitlements vary from job to job

A

All employees entitled to fair treatment and not to be exploited

Legislation governs this and ensures legal entitlements are received

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22
Q

How technology has impacted work availability and work (positive)

A

Cleaner, healthier, safer work environment. Eliminated dangers in human error and accidents. Less physically strenuous
More accurate eg stitching on jeans
Increased productivity
Reduces employee working hours
Increase in job opportunities for 3rd level workers
Reduces labour cost for employers

23
Q

How technology has impacted work availability and work (negative)

A

Initial cost and upkeep of machinery
Reduced social interaction
Increased unemployment rates among uneducated workers
Mundane and repetitive jobs (ensuring machines are functioning properly) = low job satisfaction

24
Q

Reason for decline in workers working in primary ec ac

A

Technological advancements

25
Q

Reasons for decline in workers working in secondary ec ac

A

Technological development

Global competition = relocate where labour and materials are cheap

26
Q

Reasons for increase in tertiary ec ac

A

Growth in work economy
Irish government giving grants = attracting companies
Higher disposable income means more money to be spent on goods and services
Increased tourism

27
Q

How have educational requirements increased to obtain employment

A

Necessary for employment
Reduction in trade as less of a rush to enter world of work
Minimum of 3rd level needed for most employments
More and more people advancing onto 3rd level
Prohibiting uneducated from job progression
Ireland’s well educated workforce attracts MNCs

28
Q

Factors effecting increase of women in the workforce

A 
Social acceptance
Economic necessity (dual income)
Higher education attainment 
Childcare supports
Part time and job sharing (work/life balance)
29
Q

What was stated in marriage ban 1933

A

Women had to resign from their jobs when they married

Homemakers

30
Q

When was marriage ban 1933 lifted

A

1970s

31
Q

How has higher education attainment increased number of women in the workforce

A

More are advancing to 3rd level
Improved value on job market
More opportunities

32
Q

Childcare supports available for working women

A

Crèche facilities in workplace

ECCE Scheme

33
Q

Effects of working part time and job sharing

A

Can affect pension entitlements and retirement age

34
Q

How do women still experience inequality in the workplace

A

Little room for promotion

Fewer women in authoritative role

35
Q

Example of flexible working times

A 
Flexi-time
Job-sharing
Part-time
Parental leave
Career break 
Work from home
36
Q

Parental leave entitlements

A

18 weeks per child per parent

37
Q

What does Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Acts 2005 and 2010 set out

A

Rights and obligations of employers and employees to maintain health and safety

Employers: - provide instruction + training on h&s eg heavy lifting… - provide protective clothing and equipment eg goggles

Employees: - not engage in improper behaviour putting themselves or others at risk … - not be under the influence of drugs or alcohol at work

38
Q

Legislation governing minimum wage

A

National Minimum Wage Act 2000

€10.10 /h adults

39
Q

Legislation governing health and safety

A

Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Acts 2005 and 2010

40
Q

Legislation governing employee inequality

A

Employment Equality Act 198-2015

41
Q

Act bans discrimination against

A 
Gender
Age
Disability 
Civil status
Race
Sexual orientation 
Family status 
Religion 
Member of travelling community
42
Q

Legislation governing youth employment

A

Protection of Young Persons (Employment) Act 1996

43
Q

Under 18 minimum wage

A

€7.07 /h

44
Q

Maximum working hours a week for 14-15 year olds

A

35 during school holidays
40 as part of work experience
(8am-8pm)

45
Q

Maximum working hours a week for 16-17year olds

A

40

6am-10pm

46
Q

Rest intervals 14-15 year olds

A

30 mins every 4 hours

47
Q

Rest intervals 16-17 year olds

A

30 mins every 4.5 hours

48
Q

Role of unpaid work in the community

A

Reduces reliance on state resources eg home help nurses freeing them up for other people

49
Q

Role of voluntary work in the community

A

Services to disadvantaged and underprivileged

Complements work of government eg focus Ireland provides temporary accommodation while people wait for social housing

Services that should be provided for by state eg Ronald Mc Donald house

Awareness of problems through fundraisers

Advice to government eg simon community about reducing homelessness

50
Q

Benefits of voluntary work to the volunteer

A

Boost mood and self esteem (rewarding and fulfilling)

Learn skills eg patience, communication, team work

Friendships, mutual purpose, sense of belonging

Empathy when see the difficulties faced by others

51
Q

Benefits of voluntary work for the community

A

Quick service to disadvantaged and underprivileged

Improves community eg tidy towns

Sense of community - woke together to achieve common goal

Creates friendships and sense of community

52
Q

Advantages of dual income households

A

More disposable income
Equal involvement in parenting
Joint responsibilities of household tasks (gender equality)
Parents show good work ethic = good role models

53
Q

Disadvantages of dual income household

A 
Role overload
Role conflict
Estar responsibility on older kids
Lonely and neglected felt in childcare
Vulnerable family,y members cared for outside home

Leaving Cert Home Ec - (41 decks)

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