The Family, the family as a UNIT

Question 1

Define family

Answer 1

A group of people related to each other by blood, marriage or adoption

Question 2

Family of orientation

Answer 2

Family you’re born into

Question 3

Family of procreation

Answer 3

Family you make

Question 4

Family of affinity

Answer 4

Family by choice eg close friends

Question 5

Types of families

Answer 5

Nuclear (parents and children)
Extended
One parent families
Blended families (two parents and kids from previous relationships)

Question 6

Classic extended family

Answer 6

Related by blood, marriage or adaption and living in the same home or close by

Question 7

Modified extended family

Answer 7

Related by blood, marriage or adoption and are separated geographically

Question 8

Why was living with extended family prevkisky more popular

Answer 8

Economically interdependent on family business eg farming

Question 9

Reason for one parent family

Answer 9

Death
Separation
Divorced
Unplanned pregnancy 
Choice

Question 10

One parent family struggle

Answer 10

Often headed by women
Often live with parents for support eg chikdcare
Often depend on social welfare (one parent family scheme)
Loneliness and sole responsibility

Question 11

Why did blended families become more popular

Answer 11

Divorce legalised in 1996

Question 12

Struggle of blended family

Answer 12

More children to provide for
Conflict
Biological parent relationship may be difficult

Question 13

Talk about families from 1900-1960 (pre industrial)

Answer 13

Large, extended family, under one roof

Arranged marriages for economic benefit (dowry)

7-9 kids, strong influence by Catholic Church so contraception not permitted

Low wages, damp, cold houses, no proper sanitation facilities, high infant mortality

Patriarchal, submissive wives, men=breadwinners, women=worked at home

Question 14

Talk about families from 1960-1990 (post industrial)

Answer 14

Moved away from rural extended family to urban nuclear family due to seeking employment

Choosing own partner

4-6 kids, contraception more available as decreased influence by Catholic Church

Regular dependable wage, home had electricity, better sanitation facilities, introduction of medical card in 1970 - drop in infant mortality

Less patriarchal as women’s right had improved, still segregated roles despite increase in opportunities for women

Question 15

Talk about a modern family (1990-today)

Answer 15

Nuclear, one parent, blended, increased social acceptance of divorce, same sex marriage

Choose own partners, secular society (not bound by religious rule), cohabit and not marrying, acceptable to divorce and remarry

1.4 children, contraception widely available, many women chose careers instead

Dual income, homes better insulated, high sanitation standards, Heath services and new treatment, homeless crisis

Few patriarchal, increase opportunities for females, equal say in management of home regardless of gender

Question 16

What does secular society mean

Answer 16

Not bound by religious rule

Question 17

Social changes affecting modern family structures

Answer 17

Marital breakdown - increase in one parent and blended family

Changing role of women - fewer children as women chose to establish career, role reversal eg stay at home dad

Same sex marriage and adoption - increase in families headed by same sex couples

Question 18

Rules regarding same sex couple adoption

Answer 18

By 2020 both parents will have name put on birth cert but at present only one (egg/sperm holder if in clinical) may be named

Question 19

economic changes affecting modern family structures

Answer 19

The economy - during recession 15% unemployment, now more employment and dual income, less reliance on social welfare

State benefits eg one parent family payment

High cost of living - families must budget to get needs, may use social help, can cause stress, children are expensive-less being had

Question 20

Technological changes changing family structure

Answer 20

Communication eg Skype to keep in touch with extended

Automated household appliance eg dishwasher means more time for leisure

Entertainment eg tv, Netflix, gaming means less interaction and weaker bond, obesity (less physical activity)

Question 21

Family functions

Answer 21

Physical (needs;shelter, food, warmth, clothing//safe environment for vulnerable//procreation)

Emotional (loving and caring home//express emotions and feelings//be listened to, increasing self esteem and confidence)

Social function (children should learn socially acceptable behaviour to fit into society//show discipline to know what’s right and wrong)

Economic function (support children until 18 or 23// parent(s) work)

Educational function (family are primary educator// should praise, encourage and challenge children// parents support school)

Question 22

Who are vulnerable members of family

Answer 22

Children
Elderly
Disabled

Question 23

What do parents teach children so they fit into world

Answer 23

Society’s norms, customs because children observe and imitate parents

Question 24

Now state assists family to provide physical need

Answer 24

Social welfare eg child benefit
HSE developmental examinations to children up to 3
Community mothers programme (disadvantaged area)
Child and family agency (Tulsa) May place children in care if unfit environment

Question 25

How does state assist family provide emotional function

Answer 25

HSE parenting programmes

Question 26

How does state assist family achieve social function

Answer 26

Pre schools, primary and secondary schools encourage socialisation
If children aren’t moral they break the law and judicial system gets involved. Detention centre

Question 27

How does state help provide Economic function of family

Answer 27

Social welfare

Question 28

How does state help provide educational function

Answer 28

Early childhood care and education scheme (free paid education for 3 to school going age)

Free full time primary
Free full time post primary
Supports for children with special needs

Question 29

Roles and responsibilities of children

Answer 29

Learn to behave in socially acceptable way
Simple chores
Learn morals

Question 30

Roles and responsibilities of adolescent

Answer 30

Extra responsibility eg babysitting
Input in family decisions to moderaste their own behaviour in preparation for adult life
Be role models for siblings
Follow school rules
Woke hard in schools

Question 31

Parents role and responsibilities

Answer 31

Care for spouse
Reproduce
Provide financially
Provide safe loving home
Teach children norms and values

Question 32

Grandparent role and responsibilities

Answer 32

Help children financially (high living cost)
Pass wisdom and values
Child minding
Emotional support
In return children will help when they are dependent.

Question 33

Changes in gender roles

Answer 33

Improved equality laws
Changed attitudes towards women
Increased education and job opportunities for women
Increased one parent families (taking on both roles)

Question 34

Economic changes in family

Answer 34

Both parents work to provide
Children are dependent for longer due to college
Social welfare to meet needs

Question 35

Child depends on parent for physical needs

Which are….

Answer 35

Food for growth
Shelter for safety and warmth
Clothing for modesty and protection

Question 36

Children depend on parents for psychological needs, which are …

Answer 36

Provide loving and supportive environment where it’s safe to express feelings
Pass on norms, values, beliefs, social skills
Act as role models, what children base future behaviour on
Create fun learning environment with encouragement and praise

Question 37

5 rights of children within the family

Answer 37

The right to a name and nationality
The right to live with their parents unless against their best interest
The right to food, shelter, clothing
The right to protection against abuse and neglect
The right to education, leisure and cultural activity

Question 38

Causes of conflict between adolescent and parent

Answer 38

Independence (ready to make own choice, parents not ready to relinquish control)
Peers (no longer solely influenced by parents)
Relationships (parents fear teenage pregnancy and STDs)
Social media (parents fear safety, online bullying)
Employment (own money, too much time working and not enough studying)

Question 39

Dealing with conflict

Answer 39

Avoid angry confrontation - take a min to calm down
Communication - both sides even chance
Empathy - see from their POV
Compromise - meet in middle
Involve both parties in setting new rules and consequences

Question 40

Importance of good communication in family

Answer 40

Clarifies rules and expectations
Helps build trust
Develops skills - listening, speaking without shouting

Question 41

Supports for elderly to maintain independence

Answer 41

Supportive family and neighbours
Housing options
Voluntary services eg meals on wheels

Social welfare eg fuel allowance
Community care services eg home help
Medical cards for over 70
Free travel for over 65

Question 42

Difficulties faced by a family member with special needs

Answer 42

Lack of mobility
Lack of independence 
Social isolation 
Travel long distances to attend special schools
Fewer employment opportunities

Question 43

Difficulties faced by the family when a family member has special needs

Answer 43

Isolation and exhaustion (primary careers, no time off)
Reduction in income
Increased expenditure on special equipment, social welfare and grands available
Stress and guilt (hard to split time between family members)

Question 44

How the family members can respond to the needs of a family member with special needs

Answer 44

Adapt home eg wheelchair accessible
Encourage independence wherever possible
Provide emotional support
Ensure all social welfare payments and support are availed of
May chose to stay at home

Question 45

Statutory services for disabled

Answer 45

National disability authority

Special schools

HSE

Citizens information board

Question 46

What does national disability authority do

Answer 46

Provides advice to government on disability policy eg disability services, employment opportunities

Centre for Excellence in Universal Design - universal design of buildings, products and services to be accessible to all

Question 47

Voluntary services for disabled

Answer 47

Rehab

Enable Ireland

Question 48

What does rehab do

Answer 48

National learning network: training programmes eg certified computer courses
Rehab enterprises : employs people with disabilities in a range of business eg retail
Rehab centre: health care service, respite

Question 49

What is respite

Answer 49

Short term accommodation in a facility outside the home giving temporary relief

Question 50

What does Enable Ireland do

Answer 50

Early services team: up to 6, individual programme go maximise their mobility, play, communication and social skills

Respite breaks

Literacy and computer training for adults with disabilities