WK 3- PSet and Lecture slides

Question 1

How are the instructions for multi-pass transmembrane proteins like channels and transporters encoded in the genome?

Answer 1

tmp (transmembrane proteins) are synthesized by ribosomes associated with the cytoplasmic face of the ER (endoplasmic reticulum). A signal sequence is threaded through a translocation channel, followed by the continued translation of the mRNA into the lumen of the ER. The signal is then cleaved by signal peptidase, and the mRNA is released into the lumen.

Question 2

signal peptidase

Answer 2

enzyme that cleaves the signal sequence of a transmembrane protein while in the translocation channel

Question 3

translocation channel

Answer 3

channel where the signal sequence of a transmembrane protein penetrates and threads the ER

Question 4

exocytosis

Answer 4

a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane.

Question 5

actin treadmilling

Answer 5

constant, simultaneous gain of monomers at the plus end and loss at the minus end of actin

Question 6

is actin treadmilling or dynamic instability more drastic?

Answer 6

dynamic instability

Question 7

actin treadmilling - ATP or GTP

Answer 7

ATP

Question 8

________ usually grow out of an organizing center

Answer 8

microtubules

Question 9

________ enables your muscles to move

Answer 9

myosin

Question 10

kinesins travel along ______ in the ______ direction

Answer 10

microtubules, positive

Question 11

dyneins travel along _______ in the ______ direction

Answer 11

microtubules, negative