Chemistry Review Flashcards
majority of lipids in a membrane are ________
phospholipids
molecules that are both hydrophilic and hyrdophobic are_____
amphipathic
longer hydrophobic tails _________ the fluidity of the membrane
decreases
shorter hydrophobic tails ________ the fluidity of the bilayer
increases
most phospholipids have ______ hydrophobic tails
two
carbon atoms have _____ valence electrons
4
covalent bonds are the sharing of electrons in the _______ shell
valence
a carbon atom with single covalent bonds can bond to _______ hydrogens
4
a carbon with a double covalent bond can bond to ____ other molecules
3
carbon tails with double covalent bonds are called ___________
unsaturated
saturated hydrophobic tails have _________ bonds
covalent
a membrane with unsaturated hydrophobic tails is ________ fluid
more
a membrane with saturated hydrophobic tails is _______ fluid
less
margarine is made of hydrophobic tails with ________ covalent bonds
single
olive oil is made of hydrophobic tails with ______ covalent bonds
double
double covalent bond =
unsaturated
why do double covalent bonds lead to fats that tend to be more fluidic?
the double covalent bond makes kinks in the tail, which prevents a matrix from forming
permeability factors
hydrophilicity and size
T/F hydrophobic molecules pass easily through a cell membrane
T
Can hydrophilic molecules pass through the cell membrane?
Yes, if they’re partially charged
cell membranes are generally __________ to ions
impermeable
cell membranes are generally impermeable to _____
ions
glucose is very _______ to pass through the cell membrane
unlikely
T/F hydrophobic molecules easily pass through the cell membrane
F
hydrophobic molecules are charged or uncharged
uncharged
Does O2 readily pass through the cell membrane?
yes!
Does Co2 readily pass through the cell membrane?
yes!
Does H20 readily pass through the cell membrane?
yes!
Does ethanal readily pass through the cell membrane?
yes!
Are charged molecules likely to pass through a membrane?
no!
Does NA+ readily pass through the cell membrane?
no!
3 regions of a transmembrane protein
extracellular, membrane interior, intracellular
lower stability =
higher G , lower electron affinity
higher stability =
lower G , higher electron affinity
