WINTER Chapter 15: Therapies Flashcards
What is any psychological technique used to facilitate positive changes in a person’s personality, behaviour, or adjustment?
Psychotherapy
What is the Freudian approach to psychotherapy emphasizing exploration of the unconscious using free association, dream interpretation, resistances, and transference to uncover unconscious conflicts?
Psychoanalysis
What is the psychoanalytic technique of encouraging a patient to say whatever comes to mind without censoring?
Free association
What is blockage in the flow of free association around topics the client avoids thinking or talking about?
Resistance
What is the tendency of patients to transfer to a therapist feelings that correspond to those the patient had for important persons in his or her past?
Transference
What is any therapy that stresses the importance of understanding the origins of a psychological disorder, usually unresolved unconscious conflicts?
Insight therapy
What is any therapy that stresses directly changing troublesome thoughts and/or behaviors without regard for their origins, unconscious or otherwise?
Action therapy
What is any therapy that stresses the need for the therapist to lead the patient toward a resolution of his or her psychological distress?
Directive therapy
What is any therapy in which the therapist supports the client while the client gains insight into his or her own problems and their resolution?
Nondirective therapy
What is psychological treatment involving several unrelated clients?
Group therapy
What is a therapy in which clients act out personal conflicts and feelings in the presence of others who play supporting roles?
Psychodrama
What is taking the role of another person to learn how one’s own behavior appears from the other person’s perspective?
Role reversal
What is observing another person reenact one’s own behavior, like a character in a play; designed to help persons see themselves more clearly?
Mirror technique
What is treatment of a group of related individuals that focuses on interpersonal dynamics and communication?
Family therapy
What is a caring relationship that unites a therapist and a client in working to solve the client’s problems?
Therapeutic alliance
What is a therapist who has the awareness, knowledge, and skills necessary to treat clients from diverse cultural backgrounds?
Culturally skilled therapist
What is the improvement of symptoms due to the mere passage of time?
Spontaneous remission
What is the an improvement caused not by the actual process of therapy but by a client’s expectation that therapy will help?
Therapy placebo effect
What is any therapy designed to actively change behaviour?
Behaviour therapy
What is the application of learning principles to change human behavior, especially maladaptive behavior?
Behaviour modification (applied behaviour analysis)
What is treatment to reduce unwanted behavior by pairing it with an unpleasant stimulus?
Aversion therapy
What is alleviating fears and phobias (conditioned emotional responses) by using classical conditioning extinction?
Exposure therapy
What is a form of exposure therapy in which clients are exposed to the object of their fears beginning with examples that provoke the most extreme responses?
Flooding
What is a reduction in fear, anxiety, or aversion brought about by planned exposure to aversive stimuli?
Systematic desensitization
What is the presence of one emotional state can inhibit the occurrence of another, such as joy preventing fear or anxiety inhibiting pleasure?
Reciprocal inhibition