Ch 7 - Memory Flashcards
Mental system for receiving, encoding, storing, organizing, altering, and retrieving information.
What is memory?
Converting information into a form to be retained in memory.
What is encoding (in memory)?
Holding information in memory for later use.
What is storage (in memory)?
Recovery of stored information.
What is retrieval (in memory)?
Fleeting storage system for sensory impressions.
What is sensory memory?
A mental image or visual representation.
What is iconic memory?
A brief continuation of sensory activity in the auditory system after a sound is heard.
What is echoic memory?
Storage system used to hold small amounts of information in conscious awareness for about a dozen seconds.
What is short-term memory (STM)?
Another name for short-term memory, especially as it is used for thinking and problem solving.
What is working memory?
Meaningful units of information, such as numbers, letters, words, or phrases.
What are information bits?
Process of grouping similar or meaningful information together.
What is chunking?
Repeating information over and over to keep it active in short-term memory.
What is maintenance rehearsal?
Learning by simple repetition.
What is rote rehearsal (rote learning)?
Making memories more meaningful through processing that encodes links between new information and existing memories and knowledge, either at the time of the original encoding or on subsequent retrievals.
What is elaborative rehearsal (elaborative encoding)?
Unlimited capacity storage system that can hold information over lengthy periods of time.
What is long-term memory (LTM)?
A model of memory that views it as an organized system of linked information.
What is a network model (of memory)?
Any information that can prompt or trigger the retrieval of particular memories. They usually enhance memory.
What is a retrieval cue?
Process by which memories are reconstructed or expanded by starting with one memory and then following chains of association to other, related memories.
What is redintegration?
A recollection that a person does not know exists and is retrieved unconsciously.
What is implicit memory?
Facilitating the retrieval of an implicit memory by using cues to activate hidden memories.
What is priming?
A recollection that a person is aware of having or is consciously retrieved.
What is explicit memory?