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TTRQS History > Weimar and Nazi Germany - Topic 2 > Flashcards

Weimar and Nazi Germany - Topic 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

what rank in army was hitler

A

corporal

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2
Q

what was hitler’s job before DAP

A

keeping an eye on political activists - a spy

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3
Q

when was the DAP founded

A

February 1919

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4
Q

what was hitler awarded in WW1

A

iron cross - first class - for bravery

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5
Q

who founded the DAP

A

Anton drexler

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6
Q

when did hitler join the DAP

A

19 September 1919

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7
Q

when did hiter take control of the DAP

A

1921

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8
Q

give the 4 parts of hitler’s takeover of the nazi party

A

policy
personal appeal
organisation and leadership of party
SA (brownshirts)

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9
Q

what 3 things was the DAP strongly opposed ti

A

weimar politicians who accepted T ofV, armistice and deposed kaiser
democracy
Jews - blamed for undermining economyw

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10
Q

when was the 25 point programme of the nazi party written

A

February 1920

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11
Q

when did hitler become head of propaganda for the nazi party

A

January 1920

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12
Q

give 3 ways hitler was a good orator

A

rehearsed speeches building up tension throughout
gestures and hand waving
publicity phots and paintings showing him as an orator

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13
Q

what was the DAP membership 1920 compared to 1930

A

1000 - 3000

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14
Q

give 4 things hitler did as head of propaganda in 1920

A

organised meetings and better advertisement as they got a permanent office in Munich 1920
renamed party NSDAP - clarified policies
swastika and party salute
NSDAP bought a newspaper - the people’s observer

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15
Q

how many copies of the people’s observer circulated

A

17 000

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16
Q

when did hitler force a leadership contest and defeat drexler to become leader

A

July 1921

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17
Q

give 4 senior nazi members after 1921

A

Rudolf Hess
Hermann goering
Julius streicher
ernst Rohm

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18
Q

who founded another nazi newspaper

A

the stormer newspaper - Julius streicher

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19
Q

who was ernst rohm popular with

A

ex soldiers

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20
Q

what was goering like

A

young and dashing

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21
Q

what 3 things did Julius stretcher help the nazi party with

A

ex army and had won the iron cross
brought supporters to nazi party and made it double in size
extended nazi support from Bavaria to central Germany as well
newspaper with 14 000 copies - founded in 1923

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22
Q

when was the SA formed

A

august 1921

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23
Q

who were the brownshirts

A

ex soldiers demolbolised and unemployed

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24
Q

how many SA by august 1922

A

800

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25
Q

what did the SA do to opposition

A

disrupted opposition meetings

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26
Q

what did the SA do at nazi meetings

A

controlled crowds

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27
Q

what did hitler select from the SA

A

personal bodyguards - Shock Troop - Stosstrupp

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28
Q

when did hitler become permanent dictator leader of NSDAP

A

January 1922

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29
Q

when was the Munich putsch

A

November 1923

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30
Q

give 2 long term causes of the Munich putsch

A

dolchstoss + resentment of Weimar Republic
by 1923 the NSDAP had 50 000 members

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31
Q

give 1 medium term cause of the Munich putsch

A

mussolini fascists = 1922 march on Rome in Italy

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32
Q

give 2 short term causes of Munich putsch

A

hyperinflation 1923
French in Ruhr
people didnt like that

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33
Q

give the 3 Bavarian government officials present on 8 November 1923

A

Gustav von Kahr
von seisser
von lossow

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34
Q

how many members of the SA were present in Munich putsch

A

600

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35
Q

who did hitler say would become leader of the German army in the Munich putsch

A

ludendorff

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36
Q

what was the plan of the Munich putsch

A

to take over the state of Bavaria
and then march on Berlin to overthrow republic

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37
Q

who released Kahr, seisser and lossow in the morning - unwittingly trusting them

A

ludendorff

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38
Q

how many members of the SA did hitler have ready to storm Bavaria and how many volunteers supporting

A

1000
2000

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39
Q

how many rifles did hitkler have

A

2000 - he was outgunned

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40
Q

how many of hitlers supporters and how many policemen died in the Munich putsch

A

14, 4

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41
Q

when was hitler arrested

A

11 November 1923

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42
Q

give 3 members of nazi party all arrested

A

rohm
streicher
ludendorff

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43
Q

was Ludendorff found guilty or not

A

not

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44
Q

the NSDAP was ___after the Munich putsch

A

banned

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45
Q

hitler was released after __months

A

9

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46
Q

how many years in prison was hitler sentenced to

A

5 - guilty of treason - lowest sentence

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47
Q

when was the ban on the NSDAP lifted

A

February 1925

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48
Q

how did hitler use his trial

A

to get national publicity

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49
Q

what did hitler do while in prison

A

wrote mein kampf

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50
Q

the nazis, under a different name, won how many seats in the 1924 election

A

32

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51
Q

what did hitler describe his time in prison as

A

a free education at the state’s expense

52
Q

give 3 things about racism hitler wrote in mean camp

A

aryan race destined to rule the world
jewish conspiracy to undermine aryan rule
jews were undermining aryans by intermarriage and taking over German industry

53
Q

give 4 other views apart from racism hitler describes in mean kampf

A

nationalism
socialism
totalitarianism
traditional German values

54
Q

how was hitler promoting a nationalist agenda in mein kampf

A

reversing treaty of versailles
stressing need for lebensraum - living space
invading Russian land

55
Q

how was hitler emphasising traditional German values in mein kampf

A

stressing need for
Clear male and female roles
strong work ethic
christian morality
old styles of German arts

56
Q

when was hitler released from prison

A

20 December 1924

57
Q

what did the failure of the Munich putsch persuade hitler he must do

A

achieve power using democratic mechanisms

58
Q

after the putsch the party was run like a mini___and the party became well financed and organised - it even starts the ___ ___

A

state - with departments for all aspects of government
hitler youth

59
Q

what was the rest of Germany divided into after the putsch

A

35 gaue (regions)

60
Q

what were leaders of gaues called

A

gauleiter

61
Q

how did hitler finance the nazi party

A

raised money from wealthy industrialists like Drupp and Bosch

62
Q

by 1930 how many members of SA

A

400 000

63
Q

while hitler was in prison who had the SA become loyal to

A

Ernst Rohm

64
Q

what did hitler do in 1925 to control the SA

A

replaced Rohm as leader

65
Q

what did hitler set up in 1925 to be his personal bodyguards

A

SS

66
Q

who did hitler place as leader of SS

A

Heinrich Himmler

67
Q

how many members of SS by 1930

A

3 000

68
Q

when was the bamberg conference

A

1926

69
Q

what was the split in the nazi party 1926

A

between nationalists and socialists

70
Q

where were the socialists in nazi party

A
  • gobbles and Strasser in northern, urban and industrial areas
71
Q

where were the nationalists in the nazi party

A

hitler - rural areas like Bavaria

72
Q

how many hours did hitler speak for at the Bamber g conference

A

5

73
Q

who did hitler win over in the bomber conference

A

Goebbles

74
Q

what 3 things did the bamberg conference do

A

confirm hitlers authority
goebbles made Gauleiter of Berlin as a reward
socialist principles of party weakened

75
Q

how many members of nazi party 1929

A

100 000

76
Q

give 3 reasons for limited support for nazis by 1929

A

economic stability restored by Stresemann
Hindenburg increased support for the Weimar republic
no support from working classes as economics were booming

77
Q

in may 1928 how many seats did the nazis win and what ranking of how big they were as a party

A

12 seats
seventh biggest
just 810 000 votes - 2.6%

78
Q

what economic crisis happened in October 1929

A

the Great Depression

79
Q

explain the Wall Street crash in 3 steps

A

falling in share value
rushing to sell shares
Black Thursday 24 October 1929 = 13 million shares sold
investors lost lots of money

80
Q

what effect did the Wall Street crash have in Germany

A

German banks lost money
people rushed out to take money from bank accounts
such as the German civil servant bank going bust =banks demanded loans back and
caused collapse of industry

81
Q

give 3 effects on people from the Wall Street crash

A

industries and farms had to scale back and made many unemployed
companies that sold goods abroad lost money so made people unemployed
unemployed became poorer - didnt buy as much - harmed more businesses and made more unemployed

82
Q

what was unemployment 1929 to 1933

A

1.3 milion
6.1 million

83
Q

what was fall in industrial output 1929-32

A

40%

84
Q

people with ___lost them in WSC

A

savings

85
Q

what happened to wages after WSC

A

cut of wages (by 30%)

86
Q

why did many become homeless after WSC

A

couldn’t afford rent
shanty towns sprang up
many turned to theft and violence

87
Q

who was chancellor 1930-32

A

Bruning

88
Q

what 2 things did bruning propose to do as chancellor

A

increased taxes for unemployment benefit
put fixed time limits on unemployment benefits

89
Q

what caused bruning to govern by decree

A

the reichstag couldn’t agree on what to do so no laws could be passed after WSc

90
Q

how many presidential decrees 1932 were passed by bruning asking Hindenburg

A

66

91
Q

when did bruning resign

A

may 1932

92
Q

what was nazi gain in votes from may 1928 to July 1932

A

12 - 230

93
Q

what was communist gain invites may 1928 to July 1932

A

54 - 89

94
Q

why did more middle and upper classes vote NSDAP as communist support grew

A

to stop the communists

95
Q

what did hitler use in his campaign that was special

A

aeroplanes - provided by wealthy businessmen

96
Q

give 2 reasons the SA helped increase support for the Nazis

A

they seemed organised and reliable
SA fought the red front fighters

97
Q

what did the nazis promise the working classes

A

work and bread

98
Q

give 3 reasons the middle classes supported the nazis

A

Great Depression
afraid of communists growing
wanted a return to traditional German values

99
Q

how did nazis gain support from farmers

A

nazi policy of confiscation of private land changed saying only land from jews would be confiscated

100
Q

how old was Hindenburg in 1932

A

84

101
Q

when was the presidential election

A

march 1932

102
Q

what % of the vote did Hindenburg get in march 1932 elections

A

49.6% - hitler got 30%

103
Q

when was the presidential re election

A

April 1932

104
Q

what did Hindenburg get in the re election April 1932

A

53% - hitler got 36%

105
Q

what is autarky

A

self sufficiency

106
Q

give 2 policies that led to bruning to resign

A

banned SA and SS and this caused unrest
announced he was buying up land to house the homeless - this led him to lose the support of Hindenburg

107
Q

what type of coalition had schliecher organised a r

A

right wing coalition

108
Q

who did schliecher suggest as the new chancellor for head of new right wing coalition

A

Franz Von Papen - friend of hindenbirg

109
Q

what did von schliecher persuade Hindenburg of

A

the right wing coalition in coalition with the nazis could govern the riechstag using presidential decrees

110
Q

what was the new coalition known as due to its undemocratic nature

A

the cabinet of the barons

111
Q

when did von paper become chancellor

A

30 may 1932

112
Q

who underestimated the nazis

A

von papen

113
Q

before the July 1932 elections how many were killed in nazi communist clashes

A

100

114
Q

the nazis were the ___party in the reichstag by 1932

A

largest

115
Q

when was von paper sacked and why

A

November 1932
he called another election in November and nazi party support didnt fall by enough to make them lose their mandate it only fell to 196

116
Q

who said that if von paper remained as chancellor civil war would break out

A

schliecher

117
Q

what did Hindenburg see hitler as

A

a vulgar corporal

118
Q

when did von shcliecher become chancellor

A

dec 1932

119
Q

why did von schliecher find it difficult during his time as chancellor

A

he had no real political support
unable to govern with nazis against him
no public support

120
Q

what did schlicher ask hindenbrug to do

A

suspend the constitution and make him head of a military dictatorship

121
Q

what did von papen suggest as a solution to Hindenburg after schliecher asked him to form a democracy

A

make hitler chancellor and paper vice chancellor
thinking they could control hitler and just use him as a figurehead

122
Q

when did hitkelr become chancellor

A

30 January 1933

123
Q

give the role of Hindenburg in making hitler chancellor

A

monarhist
open to governing by article 48

124
Q

give the roles of von paper and schliecher in making hitler chancellor

A

cabinet of barons
and wanted government of wealthy industrialists

125
Q

give the role of all 3 in making hitler chancellor

A

underestimated hitler

126
Q
A

TTRQS History (19 decks)

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