WEEK 9/1 > LOWER LIMB VESSELS Flashcards
LYMPHATIC VESSELS OF THE LOWER LIMB
- VESSELS
- NODES
VESSELS
- form a deep and superficial system seperated by the deep fascia
where are the nodes located
- proximally in the limb in the region of the femoral triangle
where are small number of nodes located in
- SOMETIMES in the popliteal fossa
NODES
inguinal lymph nodes are in two groups > superficial and deep
where are the superficial nodes located
- beneath the inguinal ligament and along the proximal part of the long saphenous vein
location of the deep nodes
- medial to the femoral vein in the region of the femoral canal
where do the superficial nodes drain into
drain lymph from the superficial lower limb vessels and also from the perineum, and the superficial lower trunk wall then drain into deep group
where do deep group drain into
- into external illiac nodes which are located in the abdominal cavity
ARTERIES OF THE LOWER LIMB
- superior gluteal artery
- inferior gluteal artery
- obturator artery
- femoral artery
- produnfa femoris artery
- popliteal artery
- anterior tibial artery
-dorsal pedis artery - posterior tibial artery
- plantar arteries
where do the lower limb arteries enter through
- gluteal region, obturator canal or femoral triangle
SUPERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY
SGA Arises from?
- internal iliac artery in the pelvic cavity
SGA Exits from?
- pelvic cavity via the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis
SGA ENTERS?
- gluteal region > supplying several structures
INFERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY
IGA arises from?
- internal illiac artery in the pelvic artery
IGA EXITS FROM
- exits pelvic cavity via the greater sciatic foramen below piriformis
WHAT DOES THE IGA FORM
- anastomosis around the proximal femur
OBTURATOR ARTERY
OA arises from
- internal iliac artery in the pelvic artery
OA exits from
OBTURATOR CANAL
FEMORAL ARTERY
FA ARISES FROM
- renamed continuation of the external iliac artery as it passes beneath the inguinal ligament
where does FA enter
femoral triangle
then lies lateral to the femoral vein and medial to the femoral nerve
what vein does FA accompany
- femoral vein
- through the femoral triangle and adductor canal and enters the popliteal fossa via the adductor hiatus > renamed POPLITEAL ARTERY
major branches of FA
- profunda femoris artery
PROFUNDA FEMORIS ARTERY
WHERE DOES PFA arise from
- femoral artery in the femoral triangle, located in the popliteal fossa
POPLITEAL ARTERY
Continuation of the femoral artery, located in popliteal fossa
PA gives rise to?
- anterior and posterior tibial arteries
ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
arises from the popliteal artery about the level of the tibial tuberosity
where does ATA travel
on the anterior leg compartment on the interosseous membrane with the deep peroneal nerve
what does ATA then become
dorsalis pedis artery
POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
where does posterior tibial artery arise from
popliteal artery
- travels in the posterior leg between the deep and superficial layers of muscles with the tibial nerve
what does PTA give rise to
peroneal (fibular) artery in the proximal leg `
Where does PTA pass behind
- medial malleolus and into the plantar region of the foot where it branches into the medial and lateral plantar arteries
PLANTAR ARTERIES
where does PLANTAR arteries arise from
- posterior tibial artery in the proximal ventral foot
VEINS OF THE LOWER LIMB
- dorsal venous arch
- short saphenous vein
- long saphenous vein
- deep venous plexus
- popliteal vein
- femoral vein
organisational structure of the lower limb veins
seperated by into deep and superficial >
do the deep group accompany the arteries
yes and given same names
where do they occur in pairs
- BELOW the knee region
CALLED venae comitantes
are they single or in pairs above the knee region
usually single veins
what are the veins called in the posterior leg
- deep venous plexus
Name given to veins in the superficial leg
- dorsal venous arch and long/short saphenous vein
are the superficial nd deep veins connected
yes, through perforating veins
DORSAL VENOUS ARCH
- SUPERFICIAL
location of the dorsal venous arch
- dorsum of the foot
SHORT SAPHENOUS VEIN
superficial
where does short saphenous vein arise from
- superficial
- arise from the lateral side of the dorsal arch, passes behind the lateral malleolus, ascends on the back and joins the popliteal by passing through the roof of popliteal fossa
Long saphenous vein
superficial
where does long saphenous vein arise from
- medial side of the dorsal venous arch, passes anterior to the medial mallelus,
where does the LSV ascend into
- ascends on the medial side of the leg, curves partly behind the knee region, ascends in the medial thigh then joins the femoral vein in the femoral triangle by passing through the saphenous opening into the fascia lata
DEEP VENOUS PLEXUS
- deep
- superficially in the popliteal fossa
what does the venous plexus become
- femoral vein in the adductor canal
forms from the tibial veins: receives the short saphenous vein
FEMORAL VEIN
- deep
where is the femoral vein located
- in the adductor canal and the femoral triangle
what is it medial to the femoral triangle
femoral artery
