WEEK 7/2 > KNEE REGION

Question 1

knee region

Answer 1

around the knee joint

Question 2

bones of the leg region

Answer 2

• distal femur
• patella
• tibia
• fibula

Question 3

muscles of the knee region

Answer 3

several thigh muscles cross the knee joint
- posteriorly laterally > biceps to the head of the fibular
- posterior medially > sartorius, gracilise, semitendinuous and semimembranous to the medial tibial condyle
- anteriorly > quadriceps femoris to the tibial tuberosity

Question 4

where do two leg muscles pass

Answer 4

• popliteus and gastrocnemius
  pass anterior to the knee joint

Question 5

KNEE JOINT

Answer 5

condyles of the femur join with the condyles of the tibia, patella with the femur

Question 6

type of jointt

Answer 6

• composite synovial, modified hinge with a sliding component

Question 7

typical features of a synovial joint + menisci

Answer 7

• menisci > incomplete c shaped, fibrocartilage, attached to the tibial plateau, medial and lateral

Question 8

function of knee joint

Answer 8

improve congruity and stability
absorb force
direct movement
help circulate synovial fluid

Question 9

ligaments of the knee

Answer 9

• fibulla collateral
• tibial collateral

Question 10

fibula collateral

Answer 10

• lateral, outside of capsule, cord like
• resists adduction of leg on thigh

Question 11

tibial collateral

Answer 11

• medial, thickening on outside of capsule, band like
• resists adduction of leg on thigh

Question 12

oblique popliteal

Question 13

Anterior/posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 13

• anterior on tibia
• posterior on tibia

Question 14

anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 14

• intracapsular, extra synovial, upward, backward and lateral
• taunt in extension
• limits dismpassion and anterior movement of tibia

Question 15

posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 15

• intracapsular, extra synovial, upward, backward and lateral
• limits disimpaction and posterior movement of tibia

Question 16

sensory innervation of the knee joint

Answer 16

• femoral
• obturator
• common peroneal
• tibial nerves

Question 17

how many positions does the knee joint is thought to have

Answer 17

• internal position > flexion, extension
• external position > away or to midline

Question 18

movements of the knee joint

Answer 18

• flexion > popliteus, posterior thigh and gastrocnemius
• extension > quadriceps femoris

Question 19

relationships of the knee joint

Answer 19

• anteriorly the tendon of the quadriceps and the related bursae
• laterally > iliotibial tract, fibula collateral ligament, tendon of popliteus, biceps femoris and the common peroneal nerve
• medially > semimembranous, semitendinous, gracilis, sartorius

Question 20

POPLITEAL FOSSA

Answer 20

diamond shaped behind the knee

Question 21

what does the popliteal fossa communicate with

Answer 21

• adductor canal above the adductor hiatus

Question 22

boundaries of the popliteal fossa

Answer 22

• medial > semitendinuous and semimembranous
• laterally > biceps femoris
• inferioly > medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius

Question 23

CONTENTS OF THE POPLITEAL FOSSA

Answer 23

• popliteal artery and vein (Superficially)
• tibial nerve (centrally)
• common peroneal nerve (accompanying tendon of biceps femoris
• roof > sural nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of leg,

Question 24

what does the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh and short saphenous vein join

Answer 24

popliteal vein in the fossa

Question 25

POPLITEAL ARTERY

Answer 25

• deepest structure
• continuation of the superficial femoral artery

Question 26

what does the popliteal artery divide into

Answer 26

tibio-peroneal trunk and anterior tibial artery

Question 27

POPLITEAL VEIN

Answer 27

• superficial to popliteal artery
• exits popliteal fossa superiorly

Question 28

where does the popliteal fossa pass

Answer 28

• through adductor hiatus within adductor magnus muscle to enter anterior compartment

Question 29

where does the popliteal vein receive blood from

Answer 29

from posterior and anterior tibial nerves