WEEK 7/1 > THIGH REGION Flashcards
where is the thigh region located
between the hip joint and knee joint
What does the thigh region contain
- femur
- thigh muscles
- femoral triangle
- adductor canal
and several supply structures
MUSCLES OF THE THIGH REGION
three groups: anterior, medial, posterior the iliopsoas
list the thigh region muscles
- iliopsoas > psoas
Anterior thigh muscles
- sartorius (pectineus)
- Quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius)
Medial thigh muscles
- Adductor magnus, longus and brevis, gracilis and pectineus
Posterior thigh muscles
- biceps femoris, semitendinuous, semimembranous
ACTIONS OF THE ANTERIOR THIGH MUSCLES
- psoas attaches to the vertebral column and iliacus arises from the iliac fossa
- in the abdominal cavity > psoas has the lumbar plexus within it, the obturator nerve medially and femoral nerve laterally
innervation of the iliopsoas muscle
lumbar plexus and femoral nerve
action of the anterior thigh muscles
- rectus femoris passes anteriorly to the HJ and acts to flex it
- rest of the quadriceps pass anterior to the knee joint and extend it all to the anterior thigh muscles
innervated by the femoral nerve
origin of the medial thigh muscles
- proximal attachment along a line from the body of the pubis, ischiopubic ramus, to the ischial tuberosity
where do the medial thigh muscles pass
- pass medial and below the HJ and act to adduct it
- part of the adductor magnus also acts to extend the HJ
what are the medial thigh muscles innervated by
obturator nerve
- except for the extensor part of adductor magnus which is innervated by the tibial nerve
and pectineus by the femoral nerve
Actions of the posterior thigh muscles
- all attach proximally to the ischial tuberosity and pass behind the HJ and KJ
- act to extend the HJ and flex KJ
what is the posterior thigh muscle innervated by
common peroneal nerve
FEMORAL TRIANGLE
space in the anterior thigh
what does the femoral triangle communicate with
abdominal cavity proximally
adductor canal distally
Boundaries of the femoral triangle
- superiorly > inguinal ligament
- medially > medial border of the adductor longus
- laterally > medial border of sartorius
- floor from medial to lateral adductor longus, pectineus, iliopsoas
roof skin > fascia lata, contains the saphenous opening
CONTENTS AND RELATIONSHIPS OF THE FEMORAL TRIANGLE
- medial to lateral > femoral canal, vein, artery and vein
- canal, vein and artery are surrounded by the femorall sheath
what does the femoral artery give rise to
- profunda femoris which supplies the thigh muscle
what does the long saphenous vein join with
joins the femoral vein by passing through the saphenous opening
what does it contain
superficial and deep inguinal lymph nodes
what does the cutaneous innervation of the roof contain
- subcostal genitofemoral, ilioinguinal, LCT and the medial and intermediate nerves of thigh
ADDUCTOR CANAL
space in the middle third of the anterior thigh
what does the adductor canal join with
- femoral triangle to the popliteal fossa
what does the adductor canal ends at
at the adductor hiatus which is formed by adductor magnus
boundaries of the adductor canal
- laterally > vatus medialis
- posteriorly > adductor longus
then magnus, roof sartorius
what does the adductor canal contain
- femoral artery and vein
- nerve to vastus medialis and saphenous vein (continuation of the femoral nerve)
what happens at the lower part of the artery
lower part of the artery passes anterior to the vein to lie medially
OBTURATOR CANAL
a small short canal in the upper part of the obturator foramen
what does the obturator canal communicate with
between the pelvic cavity and medial thigh region
boundaries of the obturator canal
obturator sulcus, obturator internus, and externus
contents of the obturator canal
obturator nerve, artery and vein
what is the deep fascia of the thigh called
fascia lata
where is the fascia lata most thick at, and what is the new term
on the lateral aspect > iliotibial tract
where is the adductor canal located
anterior compartment of thigh
where is the sciatic nerve located
in the posterior compartment of thigh
where is the profunda femoris artery close to
shaft of the femur
where is the great saphenous vein located in
membranous fascia > medially
THIGH REGION IN BIPEDAL WALKING
- iliopsoas and rectus femoris flex the HJ in swing
quadriceps action:
extend the KJ particularly in swing to maximise stride length
posterior thigh muscle actions:
EXTEND the HJ in stance
act in late swing to slow flexion at the HJ and extension of KJ
