WEEK 7/1 > THIGH REGION

Question 1

where is the thigh region located

Answer 1

between the hip joint and knee joint

Question 2

What does the thigh region contain

Answer 2

• femur
• thigh muscles
• femoral triangle
• adductor canal
  and several supply structures

Question 3

MUSCLES OF THE THIGH REGION

Answer 3

three groups: anterior, medial, posterior the iliopsoas

Question 4

list the thigh region muscles

Answer 4

• iliopsoas > psoas

Question 5

Anterior thigh muscles

Answer 5

• sartorius (pectineus)
• Quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius)

Question 6

Medial thigh muscles

Answer 6

• Adductor magnus, longus and brevis, gracilis and pectineus

Question 7

Posterior thigh muscles

Answer 7

• biceps femoris, semitendinuous, semimembranous

Question 8

ACTIONS OF THE ANTERIOR THIGH MUSCLES

Answer 8

• psoas attaches to the vertebral column and iliacus arises from the iliac fossa
• in the abdominal cavity > psoas has the lumbar plexus within it, the obturator nerve medially and femoral nerve laterally

Question 9

innervation of the iliopsoas muscle

Answer 9

lumbar plexus and femoral nerve

Question 10

action of the anterior thigh muscles

Answer 10

• rectus femoris passes anteriorly to the HJ and acts to flex it
• rest of the quadriceps pass anterior to the knee joint and extend it all to the anterior thigh muscles
  innervated by the femoral nerve

Question 11

origin of the medial thigh muscles

Answer 11

• proximal attachment along a line from the body of the pubis, ischiopubic ramus, to the ischial tuberosity

Question 12

where do the medial thigh muscles pass

Answer 12

• pass medial and below the HJ and act to adduct it
• part of the adductor magnus also acts to extend the HJ

Question 13

what are the medial thigh muscles innervated by

Answer 13

obturator nerve
- except for the extensor part of adductor magnus which is innervated by the tibial nerve
and pectineus by the femoral nerve

Question 14

Actions of the posterior thigh muscles

Answer 14

• all attach proximally to the ischial tuberosity and pass behind the HJ and KJ
• act to extend the HJ and flex KJ

Question 15

what is the posterior thigh muscle innervated by

Answer 15

common peroneal nerve

Question 16

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

Answer 16

space in the anterior thigh

Question 17

what does the femoral triangle communicate with

Answer 17

abdominal cavity proximally
adductor canal distally

Question 18

Boundaries of the femoral triangle

Answer 18

• superiorly > inguinal ligament
• medially > medial border of the adductor longus
• laterally > medial border of sartorius
• floor from medial to lateral adductor longus, pectineus, iliopsoas
  roof skin > fascia lata, contains the saphenous opening

Question 19

CONTENTS AND RELATIONSHIPS OF THE FEMORAL TRIANGLE

Answer 19

• medial to lateral > femoral canal, vein, artery and vein
• canal, vein and artery are surrounded by the femorall sheath

Question 20

what does the femoral artery give rise to

Answer 20

• profunda femoris which supplies the thigh muscle

Question 21

what does the long saphenous vein join with

Answer 21

joins the femoral vein by passing through the saphenous opening

Question 22

what does it contain

Answer 22

superficial and deep inguinal lymph nodes

Question 23

what does the cutaneous innervation of the roof contain

Answer 23

• subcostal genitofemoral, ilioinguinal, LCT and the medial and intermediate nerves of thigh

Question 24

ADDUCTOR CANAL

Answer 24

space in the middle third of the anterior thigh

Question 25

what does the adductor canal join with

Answer 25

• femoral triangle to the popliteal fossa

Question 26

what does the adductor canal ends at

Answer 26

at the adductor hiatus which is formed by adductor magnus

Question 27

boundaries of the adductor canal

Answer 27

• laterally > vatus medialis
• posteriorly > adductor longus
  then magnus, roof sartorius

Question 28

what does the adductor canal contain

Answer 28

• femoral artery and vein
• nerve to vastus medialis and saphenous vein (continuation of the femoral nerve)

Question 29

what happens at the lower part of the artery

Answer 29

lower part of the artery passes anterior to the vein to lie medially

Question 30

OBTURATOR CANAL

Answer 30

a small short canal in the upper part of the obturator foramen

Question 31

what does the obturator canal communicate with

Answer 31

between the pelvic cavity and medial thigh region

Question 32

boundaries of the obturator canal

Answer 32

obturator sulcus, obturator internus, and externus

Question 33

contents of the obturator canal

Answer 33

obturator nerve, artery and vein

Question 34

what is the deep fascia of the thigh called

Answer 34

fascia lata

Question 35

where is the fascia lata most thick at, and what is the new term

Answer 35

on the lateral aspect > iliotibial tract

Question 36

where is the adductor canal located

Answer 36

anterior compartment of thigh

Question 37

where is the sciatic nerve located

Answer 37

in the posterior compartment of thigh

Question 38

where is the profunda femoris artery close to

Answer 38

shaft of the femur

Question 39

where is the great saphenous vein located in

Answer 39

membranous fascia > medially

Question 40

THIGH REGION IN BIPEDAL WALKING

Answer 40

• iliopsoas and rectus femoris flex the HJ in swing

Question 41

quadriceps action:

Answer 41

extend the KJ particularly in swing to maximise stride length

Question 42

posterior thigh muscle actions:

Answer 42

EXTEND the HJ in stance
act in late swing to slow flexion at the HJ and extension of KJ