week 8/1 > leg and ankle regions

Question 1

what is the big toe known as

Answer 1

hallux

Question 2

what is the upward movement of foot at the ankle joint called

Answer 2

dorsiflexion

Question 3

what is the downward movement called

Answer 3

plantar flexion

Question 4

turning in the foot inwards at the intertarsal joint

Answer 4

inversion

Question 5

turning the foot outwards

Answer 5

eversion

Question 6

what type of classification is the tibiofibular joint

Answer 6

superior, synovial sliding

Question 7

what type of classification is the ankle joint

Answer 7

synovial hinge

Question 8

ligaments of the ankle joint

Answer 8

laterally anterior and posterior
- talofibular > laterally anterior.
- posterior > calcaneofibular

Question 9

movements of the ankle joint

Answer 9

• dorsiflexion > anterior leg muscle
• plantarflexion > lateral and posterior leg

Question 10

relationship between the ankle joint

Answer 10

• anteriorly > tendons of tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus, the long saphenous vein, dorsalis pedis artery and deep peroneal nerve

Question 11

lateral relationship of the ankle joint

Answer 11

• behind the lateral malleolus peroneus brevis and longus
• cutaneously > sural nerve and the short saphenous vein
• superficially > peroneal retinaculum and three lateral ligaments

Question 12

posterior relationship of the ankle joint

Answer 12

• tendon of gastrocnmieus and soleus

Question 13

medial relationship of the ankle joint

Answer 13

• medial malleolus
• contents of the tarsal tunnel named tibialis posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon,
  posteriorly > tibial artery, tibial nerve and the tendon of flexor hallucis longus

Question 14

MUSCLES OF THE LEG

Answer 14

anterior
lateral
posterior

Question 15

ANTERIOR LEG MUSCLES

Answer 15

• arise from the fbula on the lateral leg
• tibialis anterior
  extensor hallucus longus and extensor digitorum longus pass anterior to the ankle joint
  nerve: deep peroneal

Question 16

LATERAL LEG MUSCLES

Answer 16

Arise from the fibula on the lateral leg
- superior and superficial peroneus (fibularis) longus
- more inferior and deeper > peroneus fibularis brevis

Question 17

where do the lateral leg muscles pass

Answer 17

• behind the ankle joint and behind the lateral malleolus and attach to the base of the first and fifth metatarsal

Question 18

nerve of the lateral leg muscles

Answer 18

superficial peroneal nerve

Question 19

POSTERIOR LEG MUSCLE

Answer 19

superficial > gastrocnemius and soleus
gastrocnemius arises from the femoral condyles and soleus from the posterior leg
they join to attach to the calcaneus of the foot

Question 20

what does the gastrocnemius muscle flex

Answer 20

knee joint and both pass behind the joint and plantarflex it

Question 21

what does gastrocnemius help define

Answer 21

popliteal fossa

Question 22

DEEP MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR LEG

Answer 22

superiorly > popliteus
medial to lateral > flexor digitorum longus

Question 23

LEG AND ANKLE REGIONS IN BIPEDAL WALKING

Answer 23

two important examples of movements occur in late stance and early to mid swing

Question 24

late stance

Answer 24

• plantar flexion by the posterior leg muscles (tibial nerve)
  being on two feet > stance foot becoming more rigid and toe flexion contributes a second occurence of the thrust