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ANAT3008 LECTURES > WEEK 10/1 > NERVES OF THE LOWER LIMB 1 AND 2 > Flashcards

WEEK 10/1 > NERVES OF THE LOWER LIMB 1 AND 2 Flashcards

1
Q

List the spinal cord segments

A
  • rootlets
  • dorsal root
  • dorsal root ganglion
  • spinal nerve
  • anterior primary ramus
  • posterior primary ramus
  • plexus
  • peripheral nerve
  • vertebral canal
  • intervertebral canal
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2
Q

do al peripheral nerves arise from a peripheral plexus

A

no
but some are continuation of anterior rami

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3
Q

LUMBOSACRAL PLEXUS

A
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4
Q

what does the lumbosacral plexus form from

A
  • anterior primary rami of lumber spinal cord segments 2,3,4,5
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5
Q

where is the lumbosacral plexus located

A

on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity partly within psoas major

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6
Q

what do the anterior division in lumbosacral plexus give rise to

A

obturator nerve and the lumbosacral trunk

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7
Q

what does the posterior division of LSP give rise to

A

LCNT and femoral nerve

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8
Q

where does the femoral nerve travel on the side of

A

LATERAL

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9
Q

where does the femoral nerve travel on the side of

A

LATERAL side of psoas then enters the femoral triangle of thigh by passing under inguinal ligament

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10
Q

where is obturator nerve initially located

A

medial side of psoas then enters the pelvic caviry passing over the alar of sacrum

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11
Q

where is the lumbosacral trunk initially on

A

medial side of psoas then passes over alar of sacrum into the pelvic cavity where it joins the sacral plexus on the posterior wall

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12
Q

what does the sacral part of the plexus form

A

lumbosacral trunk and the anterior primary rami of spinal cord segments 1,2,3

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13
Q

where is the sacral part of the plexus located

A

posterior wall of the pelvic cavity anterior to piriformis muscle

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14
Q

what does the anterior division of the sacral plexus give rise to

A

tibial nerve and part of the pCNT

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15
Q

the posterior division in sacral plexus gives rise to

A

superior gluteal nerve , inferior gluteal nerve and common peroneal nerve

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16
Q

where do super/inferior gluteal nerve, and common peroneal nerve enter the lower limb via

A

gluteal region and the greater sciatic foramen

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17
Q

what are the tibial and common peroneal nerve initially joined together as

A

sciatic nerve

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18
Q

SMALLER NERVES OF THE LOWER LIMB

A
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19
Q

LCNT (lateral cutaneous. nerve of thr thigh) derives from?

A

lumbar plexus

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20
Q

what does the LCNT supply

A

the thigh

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21
Q

where do small muscular branches go to in lower limb

A

psoas major and iliacus arise from posterior division of L 23 and 24

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22
Q

what are the other cutaneous nerves

A

genitofemoral and ilionguinal

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23
Q

where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh arise from

A

sacral plexus
- cutaneous nerve supplying the posterior thigh and roof of popliteal fossa

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24
Q

nerves supplying to the gluteal region

A
  • piriformis, nerve to obturator internus, superior gemellus and quadratus femoris
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25
Q

what does the roof of the femoral triangle include

A
  • subcostal
  • genitofemoral
  • ilionguinal nerve
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26
Q

LARGER NERVES OF THE LOWER LIMB

A
  • superior gluteal nerve
  • inferior gluteal nerve
  • femoral nerve
  • obturator nerve
  • tibial nerve
  • common peroneal nerve
  • superficial peroneal nerve
  • deep peroneal nerve
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27
Q

SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE

A
  • FORMS from the posterior division of the sacral plexus
    spinal cord segments L45 S1
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28
Q

where does the superior gluteal nerve leave from

A
  • leaves the pelvic cavity via the greater sciatic foramen, above piriformis
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29
Q

what structures in the leg does superior gluteal nerve supply

A
  • gluteus medius
  • gluteus minimus
  • tensor fascia lata
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30
Q

what is superior gluteal nerve tested by

A

hip joint abduction

31
Q

INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE

A
  • forms from the posterior division of sacral plexus
32
Q

where does iGA leave pelvic cavity via

A
  • greater sciatic foramen, below piriformis,
33
Q

what muscle does IGA supply

A

gluteus maximus

34
Q

FEMORAL NERVE

A

forms from the posterior division of the lumbar plexus

35
Q

femoral nerve located

A
  • initially lateral to psoas major in the abdominal cavity, enters the femoral triangle
36
Q

where is the femoral nerve in the femoral triangle

A
  • lateral to the femoral artery and outside to the femoral sheath
37
Q

OBTURATOR NERVE

A
  • forms from the anterior division of the lumbar plexus
38
Q

where is obturator nerve located

A
  • medial to psoas in the abdominal cavity it then enters the pelvic cavity
39
Q

where does the obturator nerve exit from

A
  • via the pelvic cavity via the obturator foramen with the obturator artery
40
Q

where does the obturator nerve divide in the medial thigh

A

around adductor brevis

41
Q

TIBIAL NERVE

A

FORMS from the anterior division of the sacral plexus

42
Q

where is the tibial. nerve initially joined to

A

common peroneal nerve to form the sciatic nerve

43
Q

where does the tibial nerve exit from

A
  • exits pelvic cavity via the greater sciatic foramen below piriformis and enters the gluteal region
44
Q

where does the tibial nerve travel from

A
  • posterior compartment of the thigh beneath the posterior thigh muscle on the adductor magnus
45
Q

what nerve does the tibial nerve divide from

A
  • common peroneal nerve near the upper extent of the popliteal fossa
46
Q

where does the tibial nerve pass through after dividing from common peroneal nerve

A

middle of the popliteal fossa where it gives rise to the sural branch

47
Q

COMMON PERONEAL NERVE

A

Forms from the posterior division of the sacral plexus

48
Q

what does the common peroneal nerve innervate

A
  • short head of biceps in the thigh and gives rise to the lateral cutaneous nerve of the leg at the level of the knee
49
Q

SUPERFICIAL PERONEAL NERVE

A
50
Q

where does the superficial peroneal nerve travel

A
  • in the lateral compartment of the leg where it supplies peroneus longus and brevis
51
Q

what does the superficial peroneal nerve become in the mid to lower leg

A
  • cutaneous, passes anterior to the ankle joint and onto the dorsum of the foot
52
Q

what does the superficial peroneal nerve supply once it becomes cutaneous

A

skin to the mid dorsal foot

53
Q

DEEP PERONEAL NERVE

A
54
Q

where does the deep peroneal nerve travel

A
  • in the anterior compartment of the leg on the interosseous membrane within the anterior tibial artery > supplies ALM
55
Q

where does the deep peroneal nerve pass anterior to

A

ankle joint into the dorsum of the foot > which supplies the dorsal intrinsic foot muscles

56
Q

DERMATOMES OF THE LOWER LIMB

A

distributes roughly down the anterior and posterior surface of the lower limb

57
Q

where does the L1 dermatome distribute to

A
  • upper anterior thigh including the femoral triangle
58
Q

where does the L2 dermatome distribute to

A
  • anterior and lateral mid thigh
59
Q

where does the L3 dermatome distribute to

A

anterior and medial lower thigh

60
Q

where does the L4 dermatome distribute to

A
  • anterior and medial leg and big toe
61
Q

where does the L5 dermatome distribute to

A
  • anterior and lateral leg and toes 2,3,4
62
Q

where does the S1 dermatome distribute to

A
  • lateral ventral foot and toe 5 and lower posterior leg
63
Q

where does the S2 dermatome distribute to

A
  • S2 posterior leg and thigh including over the popliteal fossa
64
Q

where does the S3 dermatome distribute to

A
  • S3 gluteal region
65
Q

MYOTOMES OF THE LOWER LIMB

A

distribute proximally to distally

66
Q

sacral plexus formed from

A

anterior rami of spinal nerves s1-s4

67
Q

where do most nerves leave via

A

pelvis inferior to the pisiformis muscle via greater sciatic foramen

68
Q

where does superior gluteal nerve originate from

A

l4-s1

69
Q

where does inferior gluteal nerve orifinate from

A

l5-s2

70
Q

where does the inferior gluteal nerve enters the gluteal region via

A

inferiorly to the piriformis muscle

71
Q

what muscle does inferior gluteal nerve innervate

A

gluteus maximus

72
Q

components of the sciatic. nerve

A

tibial and fibula component

73
Q

what does the tibial component innervate

A

posterior compartment of thigh except for short head of biceps femoris

74
Q

fibular component innervates

A

short head of biceps femoris and anterior, lateral leg

ANAT3008 LECTURES (18 decks)

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