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ANAT3008 LECTURES > WEEK 10/2 > SPINAL CORD > Flashcards

WEEK 10/2 > SPINAL CORD Flashcards

1
Q

SPINAL CORD GENERAL FEATURES

A
  • part of CNS
  • Has part of the peripheral nervous system attached to it including most of somatic motor and sensory system
  • part of visceral sensory system
  • sympathetic part of the visceral motor system
  • parasympathetic part of the visceral motor system
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2
Q

LOCATION OF SPINAL CORD

A
  • lies within vertebral canal inside the vertebral column extending from the foramen magnum/C1 rootlets superiorly above LV1 or LV2
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3
Q

WHERE IS THE SPINAL CORD ENLARGED

A
  • in the cervical and lumbosacral region
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4
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST NARROW PART CALLED

A
  • the most narrow part is caudal
    called > conus medullaris
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5
Q

WHAT DOES THE SPINAL CORD ATTACH TO

A
  • conus and extending through the lumbar cistern to the lower dura
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6
Q

WHAT IS THE STRAND OF SPINAL CORD IN THE COCYX CALLED

A
  • a strand of pia
  • fillum terminalis
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7
Q

WHAT IS LOCATED LATERALLY ALONG THE SPINAL CORD

A
  • subarachnoid spacee
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8
Q

WHAT IS THE SPINAL CORD SURROUNDED WITH

A
  • three meninges
    pia > arachnoid > subarachnoid containing CSF
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9
Q

WHAT IS BETWEEN THE OUTER LAYER OF MENINGES AND THE WALL OF VERTEBRAL CANAL

A
  • epidural space which contains veins and adipose tissue
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10
Q

HOW MANY ATTACHMENTS TO THE SPINAL CORD

A
  • 32 pairs of spinal nerves
  • 8 cervical
  • 12 thoracic
  • 5 lumbar
  • 5 sacral
  • 2/3 coccygeal
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11
Q

WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE PROXIMAL PART OF THE SPINAL CORD NERVES

A
  • dorsal and ventral roots
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12
Q

WHERE DOES THE SPINAL CORD EXIT FROM

A
  • exits the vertebral canal via the intervertebral foramen
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13
Q

ARE THE ROOTS SHORT IN THE CERVICAL VERTEBRAL REGION

A

yes and horizontal

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14
Q

ARE THE ROOTS LONG AND VERTICAL IN THE SACRAL VERTEBRAL REGIONS

A

yes

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15
Q

WHAT IS THE COLLECTION OF DORSAL AND VENTRAL ROOTS at the lower term named

A

CAUDA EQUINA

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16
Q

WHERE DO THE NERVES EXIT FROM IN THE SACRAL REGION

A
  • as anterior and posterior primary ramus through the anterior and posterior sacral foramina
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17
Q

MENINGES

A
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18
Q

HOW MANY LAYERS IS THE MENINGES COMPOSED OF

A

three

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19
Q

NAME THE THREE LAYERS OF MENINGES

A
  • deep to superficial
    pia > arachnoid > dura
20
Q

BETWEEN THE ARACHNOID AND PIA IS WHAT

A
  • subarachnoid space which contains CSF
21
Q

WHERE IS THE CSF FORMED

A
  • within the ventricles of the brain and enters the subarachnoid space via three foramina located beneath the cerebellum
22
Q

WHERE IS THE CSF FLUID PARTLY RESBORBED

A

into the venous system via the cerebral venous sinuses

23
Q

PIA MATER - AHDERES TO

A
  • surface of the spinal cord and with the arachnoid helps form the dentate ligaments
24
Q

ARACHNOID MATER - ADHERES TO

A
  • to the dura and with the dura extends to about SV2 level
25
Q

WHAT IS THE ENLARGMENT OF THE ARACHNOID SPACE CALLED

A
  • lumbar cistern
26
Q

DURA MATER -

A
  • thickest part
  • sensory innervation
  • lies next to skull
  • supports dural venous sinuses S
27
Q

SOMATIC MOTOR NEURON

A
  • alpha or lower motor neuron
28
Q

WHAT DO SMN INNERVATE

A
  • skeletal muscle
29
Q

WHERE ARE THE CELL BODIES OF SMN LOCATED

A
  • ventral horn of the spinal cord > multipolar > dendrites > one branching axon (myelinated)
30
Q

WHAT DOES SMN ACTIVATE AND CONTACT

A
  • muscle cell membrane at a structure called neuromuscular junction
31
Q

WHERE IS THE AXON OF SMN LOCATED

A
  • proximally the axon is located in the ventral root
32
Q

SYMPATHETIC MOTOR NEURON

A

part of the visceral motor or autonomic nervous system

33
Q

WHAT DOES SYMPATHETIC MN INNERVATE

A
  • multipolar golgi 1
  • smooth muscle and glands
34
Q

WHERE ARE THE AXONS IN THE SYMPATHETIC MN

A
  • muscular and cutaneous nerves in the limb
35
Q

WHERE THE POSTGANGLIONIC FIBERS AND WHERE DO THEY JOIN

A
  • join peripheral nerves via gray rami communications and are unmyelinated
36
Q

WHAT MODALITIES TO SOMATIC SENSORY NEURONS CONVEY

A
  • pain, temperature, touch and proprioception
37
Q

UNIPOLAR GOLGI 1

A
  • begin peripherally with a free nerve ending
38
Q

WHERE ARE PERIPHERAL AND CENTRAL PROCESSES WITHIN THE CELL BODY LOCATED

A
  • Dorsal root ganglion
39
Q

PERIPHERAL NERVE

A
  • schwann cell > endonerium > perineurium > epineuruem
40
Q

WHAT IS EACH PERIPHERAL NERVE SURROUNDED BY

A
  • myelinated or unmyelinated in a schwann cell
41
Q

WHAT ARE THE PERIPHERAL NERVE FIBERS SUPPORTING CELLS OF AND HELD TOGETHER BY WHAT

A
  • supporting cells of schwann cells and held together by endoneurieum
42
Q

WHAT ARE THE FASCICLES IN PERIPHERAL NERVE BOUNDED BY

A
  • connective tissue which contains blood vessels and sometimes adipose tissue > epineureum
43
Q

SOMATIC SENSORY NEURON CELL BODIES IN THE DRG

A
  • surrounded by satellite cells
44
Q

WHAT DOES MYELINATION IMPROVE

A
  • action potential conduction velocity
45
Q

WHAT DOES PERINEUM ACT AS

A
  • blood-pns barrier

ANAT3008 LECTURES (18 decks)

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