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anatomy > week 8 sem 2 > Flashcards

week 8 sem 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Bones of the thorax

A
  • 12 paired ribs (plus costal cartilages)
  • 12 thoracic vertebrae
  • Sternum
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2
Q

Ribs

A

1-7: true ribs
* attach directly to the
sternum via their own
costal cartilage
* 8-10: false ribs
* attach indirectly to the
sternum via the costal
cartilage of the rib above
* 11-12: floating ribs
* do not attach to the
sternum

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3
Q

what are the 3 parts of the sternum

A
  1. Manubrium
  2. Body
  3. Xiphoid process
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4
Q

Thoracic inlet (superior thoracic aperture) boarder

A

Anterior: manubrium of
sternum
* Lateral: 1st ribs and costal
cartilages
* Posterior: T1 vertebra

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5
Q

Thoracic outlet (inferior thoracic aperture) boarders

A
  • Anterior: xiphisternal joint
    and costal margin
  • Lateral: floating ribs
  • Posterior: T12 vertebra
  • Closed off by the (thoracic)
    diaphragm
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6
Q
  • Manubriosternal joint classification
A
  • Between manubrium and body of
    sternum
  • Classification: secondary
    cartilaginous (symphysis)
  • Slightly movable
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7
Q
  • Xiphisternal joint
A
  • Between xiphoid process and body of
    sternum
  • Classification: secondary
    cartilaginous (symphysis)
  • Slightly movable (but ossifies in
    middle age)
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8
Q
  • 1st sternocostal joint
A

Classification: primary cartilaginous
(synchondrosis)
* Immovable

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9
Q
  • Costochondral joints
A

Between ribs and their costal cartilages
* Classification: primary cartilaginous
(synchondrosis)
* Immovable

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10
Q
  • 2nd-7th sternocostal joints
A
  • Classification: synovial, multiaxial,
    plane
  • Small gliding movements
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11
Q
  • Interchondral joints
A

Between costal cartilages of ribs 6-10
* Classification:
* 6-7, 7-8 and 8-9: synovial, multiaxial,
plane
* 9-10: fibrous

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12
Q

Costovertebral joints

A
  • Classification: synovial, multiaxial,
    plane
  • Articular surfaces:
  • Heads of ribs
  • Bodies of thoracic vertebrae
  • Movements: small gliding
    movements
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13
Q

Costotransverse joints

A
  • Classification: synovial, multiaxial,
    plane
  • Articular surfaces:
  • Tubercles of ribs (articular part)
  • Transverse processes of
    thoracic vertebrae
  • Movements: small gliding
    movements
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14
Q

Costovertebral joints ligamnets

A
  • Radiate ligament
  • Intra-articular ligament
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15
Q
  • Costotransverse joints ligaments
A
  • Superior costotransverse ligament
  • Lateral costotransverse ligament
  • Costotransverse ligament
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16
Q
  • Radiate ligament
A

From head of rib to body of
corresponding vertebra, body of
vertebra above and intervening
IVD
* Reinforces joint capsule

17
Q
  • Intra-articular ligament
A

From head of rib (crest between
two articular facets) to IVD
* Divides the joint cavity into two

18
Q
  • Superior costotransverse ligament
A
  • From neck of rib to transverse
    process of vertebra above
19
Q
  • Lateral costotransverse ligament
A
  • From tubercle of rib (non-articular
    part) to tip of transverse process
    of corresponding vertebra
20
Q
  • Costotransverse ligament
A
  • From back of neck of rib to
    front of transverse process of
    corresponding vertebra
21
Q
  • Anterior abdominal wall muscles
A

Rectus abdominis
* External oblique
* Internal oblique
* Transversus abdominis
* Pyramidalis

22
Q
  • Posterior abdominal wall
A

Quadratus lumborum
* Psoas major
* Psoas minor
* (Iliacus)

23
Q

Rectus abdominis – rectus sheath

A
  • Formed by the aponeuroses of
    external oblique, internal oblique and
    transversus abdominis
  • (i) From costal margin to midpoint
    between umbilicus and pubic
    symphysis – anterior and
    posterior layers
  • (ii) Below midpoint between
    umbilicus and pubic symphysis –
    anterior layer only
24
Q
  • Movers produce trunk, neck and head movements
A

Erector spinae
* Semispinalis
* Multifidus (although more important for
stability)

25
Q

Stabilisers provide intersegmental stability to the
trunk during movement

A

Multifidus
* Rotatores
* Interspinales
* Intertransversarii

26
Q

Functional roles of deep back muscles

A
  • Deep back muscles provide proprioceptive
    feedback
  • Rotatores
  • Interspinales
  • Intertransversarii
  • Deep back muscles protect the zygapophyseal
    joints
  • Multifidus
27
Q
  • Medial branch innervates
A
  • Spinalis
  • Transversospinalis group
  • Unisegmental group
  • Zygapophyseal joints
    (via two dorsal rami)
28
Q
  • Lateral branch
A
  • Longissimus
  • Iliocostalis

anatomy (20 decks)

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