Week 8- exercise and altitude Flashcards

1
Q

what does a decrease in air pressure result in?

A

improved performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does lower air density at altitude offer?

A

less resistance to high speed movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does lower PO2 result in?

A

poorer aerobic performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Boyle’s law?

A

-gas volume is inversely proportional to its pressure
-altitude increases as pressure decreases
-airways contain 21% O2 but it is thinner at altitude and thicker at sea level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens to atmospheric pressure at altitude?

A

atmospheric pressure decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

low PO2 (altitude)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Normoxia?

A

normal PO2 (sea level)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is hyperoxia?

A

high PO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is hypoxaemia?

A

low levels of oxygen in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does exposure to hypoxia directly result in?

A

the reduction of arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the disruption in homeostasis trigger?

A

neuroendocrine responses that help to regulate important adjustments in key physiological systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

At what time at altitude do you become unconscious?

A

1 minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the immediate response to altitude?

A

get more oxygen in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What ventilation changes occur at altitude?

A

-hyperventilation
-raises alveolar oxygen
-lowers alveolar cardon dioxide
-causes alkalosis and diuresis (HCO3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the cardiovascular changes at altitude?

A

increased resting heart rate and cardiac output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the changes for ventilation at higher altitude?

A

increased ventilation

17
Q

What happens to heart rate at altitude?

A

decreased

18
Q

What happens to an individuals VO2max if they spend time at altitude?

A

increases

19
Q

What does more oxygen in the blood improve?

A

oxygen extraction capacity = less reliance of central delivery

20
Q

What is polycythemia due to?

A

increased erythropoietin(EPO)

21
Q

What is the usually oxygen carrying capacity in the blood?

A

200ml

22
Q

What are the effects of a decrease in plasma volume?

A

Helps the haemoglobin

23
Q

What does hyperventilation cause?

A

alkalosis

24
Q

What are the vascular/cellular changes at working at altitude?

A

-increased capillarisation
-increased myoglobin in the muscles
-increased aerobic enzymes
-increased lactate consumption and oxidation by active muscles

25
Q

What are the benefits of high altitude training?

A

-blood changes (red cell mass)
-some cellular changes
-some circulatory changes

26
Q

what are the detriments of high altitude training?

A

-blood changes (velocity)
-cardiovascular changes
-loss of training intensity
-reduced muscle mass
-increased response

27
Q

what is the solution to high altitude training?

A

-live high
-train low
-tents believed by many to be an effective performance enhancer

28
Q

What happens to red blood cell mass when living at altitude?

A

increase

29
Q

What does an increase in red blood cell mass result in?

A

increased VO2max

30
Q

What are the potential mechanisms training at altitude have an effect on?

A

increase EPO,
increase RBC mass
improved mitochondria function
increased buffering capacity

31
Q
A