Week 2- hormonal responses to exercise Flashcards
How is plasma glucose levels maintained during exercise?
- mobilisation of glucose from liver glycogen stores
- mobilisation of FFA from adipose tissue, spares blood glucose
- Gluconeogenesis from amino acids, lactic acid and glycerol
- blocking entry of glucose into the cells
How do slow-acting hormones act?
in a permissive manner to allow other hormones to exert their full force
What is the role of the thyroid hormone?
Influence the number of receptors on the surface of the cell for other hormones to react with
What does Triiodothyronine enhance?
effect of epinephrine to mobilise free fatty acids from adipose tissue (T3)
What is the role of growth hormones?
-essential for growth of all tissues
-increases amino acid uptake and protein synthesis
-spares plasma glucose
-mobilises fatty acids from adipose tissue
What changes to plasma GH when exercise intensity increases?
Plasma growth hormone increases
What is cortisol?
Steroid hormone derived from cholesterol and secreted from the adrenal cortex
-contributes to the maintenance of plasma glucose
What is cortisol stimulated by?
-stress via adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
-exercise
What is diurnal variation?
concentrations peak on the morning and drop throughout the day
What are the effects of cortisol mediated by?
DNA transcription and translocation to protein synthesis
Where are catecholamines secreted from?
adrenal medulla
What kind of hormone is epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Fast acting hormones part of the fight or flight response
What increases epinephrine and norepinephrine?
-exercise
-increased BP and HR during exercise
What causes a rapid decrease in catecholamines?
endurance training
What causes more rapid glycogen depletion?
high intensity exercise
