Week 5 Hemostasis

Question 1

What are the 3 steps of Hemostasis

Answer 1

1. Vascular Spasm
2. Platelet Blood Formation
3. Coagluation

Question 2

Vascular Spasm is …

Answer 2

Involuntary
Smooth Muscle
Happens w/in Seconds
the Vasoconstriction of a damaged vessle

Question 3

Cold temperatures help smooth muscle do what

Answer 3

Cold temperatures help smooth muscle constrict

Hot temperatures work against and cause smooth muscle to dilate

Question 4

How is surface area a factor in vascular spasm

Answer 4

When you cut with a sharp object there is less surface area making it harder to constrict

Question 5

How quickly does platelet blood formation happen

Answer 5

Happens within minutes

Question 6

Platelets are fragments from what

Answer 6

Megakaryocytes

Question 7

Are platelets cells

Answer 7

No platelets are not cells they are fragments of megakarycocytes

Question 8

What are platelets also known as

Answer 8

Thrombocytes

Question 9

What do platelets do

Answer 9

Stick to collagen in the walls of vessels

Question 10

What are the steps of platelets formation

Answer 10

1. PLatelets stick to exposed collagen
2. PLatelets degranulate (turn inside out) & Thromboxane A is released
3. Thromboxane causes platelets to stick to other platelets which results in a platelet plug

Question 11

What is Coagulation

Answer 11

Formation of blood clot

Question 12

What is a Thrombus

Answer 12

a blood clot

Question 13

What is an embolus

Answer 13

moving clot that can get stuck and cause an Embolism “clog”

Question 14

Coagulation can take how long

Answer 14

Minutes and sometimes up to an hour

Question 15

What are the requirements for Coagulation ( a blood clot)

Answer 15

Calcium in blood
Clotting factors - proteins involved in clotting
Vitamin K

Question 16

Where is Vitamin K made

Answer 16

By bacteria in intesitnes

Question 17

What are the 5 steps in Coagulation

Answer 17

1. Damage Occurs
2. Damaged Perivascular cells release Thromboplastin
3. Plasma Proteins convert Thromboplastin into Prothrombin Activatior
4. Prothrombin Activator converts Prothrombin into Thrombin
5. Thrombin converts Fibrinogen into Fibrin
6. Fibrin forms blood clot

Question 18

Thromboplastin is normally found where

Answer 18

In Perivascular

Question 19

True or False

Thrombin is normally found in blood

Answer 19

False thrombin is only found if there is damage

Question 20

When is Prothrombin Activator found in blood

Answer 20

Only when there is damage

Question 21

True or False

Prothrombin is always found in blood and is an inactive protein

Answer 21

True always found in blood

True is an inactive protein

Question 22

True or False

Fribrinogen is always found in blood and is an inactive protein

Answer 22

True Fribrinogen is always found in blood and is an inactive protein

Question 23

What are 2 inactive proteins always found in blood

Answer 23

Firbrinogen and Prothrombin

Question 24

What does Fibrin do

Answer 24

forms blood clot by
trapping red blood cells
traps leukocytes WBCs
traps platelets

Question 25

What is plasmin

Answer 25

Enzyme that destroys fibrin

Question 26

What is plasminogen

Answer 26

Inactive protein in blood that platelets convert into plasmin to destroy fibrin to shrink blood clot

Question 27

What is Fibrinolysis

Answer 27

Process of breaking down Fibrin to shrink a blood clot

Question 28

What drugs influence blood clotting/ coagulation

Answer 28

Procoagulants - help form clots

Anticoagulatns - work against clots

Question 29

What is Coumadin

Answer 29

aka Warfarin
Anticoagulant
Block Vitamin K synthesis

Question 30

What is Heparin

Answer 30

Anticoagulant
Prevents prothrombin from becoming thrombin
Used in surgery to keep blood vessels open
Needs come pre-hepranised to prevent clots