Lab 1 9/5/19

Question 1

How many pieces of DNA in human cells

Answer 1

46 chromosomes

Question 2

How many autosomes in a piece of DNA

Answer 2

1-22 are autosomes, each piece of DNA has 44 of them

Question 3

What kind of chromosome is #23

Answer 3

Heterosome and two versions XX- female XY -male

Question 4

What does DNA do

Answer 4

It is a recipe for amino acid sequences

Contains all the information thatis needed to synthesize proteins within the cell

Question 5

What are peptides

Answer 5

Short chains of amino acids 2-100

Question 6

What are proteins

Answer 6

Long chains of 100+ amino acids

Question 7

Where are proteins produces

Answer 7

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 8

Where is DNA produces

Answer 8

Nucleous

Question 9

What is a polymer of nucleotides

Answer 9

DNA is a polymer of nucleotides

Question 10

What is a polymer

Answer 10

Long chaing of smaller units called monomers, in DNA, the nucleotides are the monomers - the basic building blocks of DNA

Question 11

What 3 things are are nucleotides composed of?

Answer 11

Sugar
Phosphate
and a Nitrogenous Base

Question 12

What is Deoxyribose

Answer 12

The sugar used in constructing DNA nucleotides
made of 5 carbons
Monosaccharide

Question 13

What is Phosohate made of

Answer 13

Phospherous and Oxygen

Question 14

What is a Nitrogenous Base

Answer 14

A single or double ring molecule composed of a Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms. 4 kinds exist in the DNA chain Adenine (A), Thymine ( T), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C)

Question 15

What are the 4 Nitrogenous Bases

Answer 15

A - Adenine
T- Thymine
G- Guanine
C- Cytosine

Question 16

True or False - DNA is composed of 2 chains of nucleotides

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What is the shape of DNA referred as

Answer 17

Double Helix

Question 18

What forms the “railings” of the DNA double helix

Answer 18

Phosphate and Sugars of neighboring nucleotides

Question 19

What forms the links of the 2 chains of nucleotides in the double helix

Answer 19

Nitrogenous Bases linked to each other with hydrogen bonds

Question 20

What type of bond links the Nitrogenous bases in a DNA double Helix

Answer 20

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 21

Adenine always bonds to what? How many hydrogen bonds can Adenine form with it’s partner

Answer 21

Thymine

2 Hydrogen bonds

Question 22

Guanine always bonds to what? How many hydrogen bonds can Guanine form with it’s partner?

Answer 22

Cytosine

3 Hydrogen bonds

Question 23

What is the Law of Complementary Bonds

Answer 23

Adenine always bonds with Thymine and Cytosine always bonds with Guanine due to the number of hydrogen bonds that each nitrogenous base can make

Question 24

What is a Histone

Answer 24

Are of DNA chain that are wrapped around eight proteins in order to make more surface area for DNA to fit in nucleus

Question 25

What is a nucleosome

Answer 25

Combination of coiled DNA around a histone

Question 26

Where is information about how to synthesize proteins contained?

Answer 26

in DNA

Question 27

What is a gene

Answer 27

A segment of DNA that contains information about how to produce one of more proteins
Human DNA has 25,000-35,000 genes estimated

Question 28

What is a Genome

Answer 28

Term that describes the collection of genes in the entire DNA

Question 29

What is the diploid condition

Answer 29

2 copies of each chromosome

Question 30

What direction do nucleotides run in DNA

Answer 30

Anti parallel

Question 31

What are codons

Answer 31

Series of 3 nitrogenous bases that specifies an amino acid

ex.