Week 4 Oxygen Admin Skills Flashcards
what is PaO2, what is the normal value?
partial pressure of O2 in the blood (80-100 mmHg)
what is FiO2? Normal value?
Fraction of inspired air, assumed percentage of oxygen concentration participating in gas exchange in the alveoli. Room air is 21% oxygen
what is SaO2? normal value?
The amount of oxygen bound to Hb in arterial blood. 95-100% is normal
when is the use of oxygen therapy indicated?
whenever there is a lack of oxygen in the alveoli or tissues. Any patient experiencing hypoxia is a candidate for oxygen therapy
what is Hypoxemia? how is it measured
low levels of oxygen in the blood. measured with PaO2
what is considered severe hypoxemia?
PaO2 below 40 mmHg
what is considered mild hypoxemia?
PaO2: 60-80 mmHg
what is considered moderate hypoxemia?
PaO2: 40-60 mmHg
when is oxygen used to treat hypoexemia?
any stage (mild, moderate, severe) of hypoxemia can be treated with oxygen
what is WOB? when does it increase?
Work of Breathing. Increases when oxygen levels decrease in the body. We compensate by increasing the number of respirations/min
oxygen administration decreases what (2)?
decreases work of breathing and the workload placed on heary (myocardial demands)
what is an oxygen flow meter?
indicates the amount of oxygen a patient is receiving
oxygen delivered has what units?
Liters per min (LPM)
what are the two classifications of devices used to deliver oxygen to a patient?
low flow or high flow devices
what is the difference between low flow devices and high flow devices?
Low: will not meet patient’s total inspiratory flow rate
High: will meet or exceed a patients total inspiratory flow rate
what is the most commonly used low flow device? recommended flow rate? oxygen concentrations?
Oxygen cannula: two pronged tube that fits into pts nares. Flow rate of 1-6 LPM (anything above 4 should be humidified), FiO2 24 to 45%
when should a simple face mask be used? what type of flow device is this? FiO2? LPM?
Low flow device used if patient is always a mouth breather. 35-55% oxygen. 5-12 LPM (anything less than 5 LPM will cause the patient to rebreath CO2)
what type of flow device is a nasal catheter? when is it used?
Low flow device. not often used as they are uncomfortable and deliver same amount of oxygen as nasal cannula. might be used if only one of nares is open
high flow devices are usually accompanied by what? why?
nebulizers so that the higher dose of oxygen are not drying
High flow oxygen cannula: LPM? FiO2? used?
High flow oxygen cannula. up to 15 LPM. FiO2 up to 81%. Used in severe levels of hypoxemia
High flow venturi (venti) mask: fxn, FiO2, used
mixes oxygen with room air. 24-50% FiO2. used when provider is concerned with CO2 retention
what are the contraindication of using oxygen therapy?
none as long as the patient needs it
what are four risks of oxygen therapy?
- oxygen toxicity
2, Atelactasis - O2 induced hypoventilation
- fire hazard
what is oxygen toxicity?
occurs when a patient is given low levels of oxygen for long periods of time or high levels of oxygen for shorter periods of time. free radicals accumulate and damage alveoli
what is atelactasis
Oxygen washes out the nitrogen in the lungs (that expand the alveli) and the alveoli collapse
what is O2 induced hypoventilation?
seen in patients with chronically high CO2 levels. Their bodies begin responding to O2 to regulate respiration. if O2 is provided in high percentages then the respiratory rate decreases drastically
Before using an oxygen tank what must you do?
assure PSI>300
what is a pulse oximeter?
measures SpO2 (different than SaO2 and PaO2). This is an estimate of the arterial blood oxyhemoglobin saturation
where can a pulse oximeter be placed?
finger (most common), earlobes, toes
Methemoglobin (a type of Hb) will show what % oxygen saturation on a Pulse oximeter regardless of the actual O2 saturation
85%
