Week 4 Oxygen Admin Skills

Question 1

what is PaO2, what is the normal value?

Answer 1

partial pressure of O2 in the blood (80-100 mmHg)

Question 2

what is FiO2? Normal value?

Answer 2

Fraction of inspired air, assumed percentage of oxygen concentration participating in gas exchange in the alveoli. Room air is 21% oxygen

Question 3

what is SaO2? normal value?

Answer 3

The amount of oxygen bound to Hb in arterial blood. 95-100% is normal

Question 4

when is the use of oxygen therapy indicated?

Answer 4

whenever there is a lack of oxygen in the alveoli or tissues. Any patient experiencing hypoxia is a candidate for oxygen therapy

Question 5

what is Hypoxemia? how is it measured

Answer 5

low levels of oxygen in the blood. measured with PaO2

Question 6

what is considered severe hypoxemia?

Answer 6

PaO2 below 40 mmHg

Question 7

what is considered mild hypoxemia?

Answer 7

PaO2: 60-80 mmHg

Question 8

what is considered moderate hypoxemia?

Answer 8

PaO2: 40-60 mmHg

Question 9

when is oxygen used to treat hypoexemia?

Answer 9

any stage (mild, moderate, severe) of hypoxemia can be treated with oxygen

Question 10

what is WOB? when does it increase?

Answer 10

Work of Breathing. Increases when oxygen levels decrease in the body. We compensate by increasing the number of respirations/min

Question 11

oxygen administration decreases what (2)?

Answer 11

decreases work of breathing and the workload placed on heary (myocardial demands)

Question 12

what is an oxygen flow meter?

Answer 12

indicates the amount of oxygen a patient is receiving

Question 13

oxygen delivered has what units?

Answer 13

Liters per min (LPM)

Question 14

what are the two classifications of devices used to deliver oxygen to a patient?

Answer 14

low flow or high flow devices

Question 15

what is the difference between low flow devices and high flow devices?

Answer 15

Low: will not meet patient’s total inspiratory flow rate

High: will meet or exceed a patients total inspiratory flow rate

Question 16

what is the most commonly used low flow device? recommended flow rate? oxygen concentrations?

Answer 16

Oxygen cannula: two pronged tube that fits into pts nares. Flow rate of 1-6 LPM (anything above 4 should be humidified), FiO2 24 to 45%

Question 17

when should a simple face mask be used? what type of flow device is this? FiO2? LPM?

Answer 17

Low flow device used if patient is always a mouth breather. 35-55% oxygen. 5-12 LPM (anything less than 5 LPM will cause the patient to rebreath CO2)

Question 18

what type of flow device is a nasal catheter? when is it used?

Answer 18

Low flow device. not often used as they are uncomfortable and deliver same amount of oxygen as nasal cannula. might be used if only one of nares is open

Question 19

high flow devices are usually accompanied by what? why?

Answer 19

nebulizers so that the higher dose of oxygen are not drying

Question 20

High flow oxygen cannula: LPM? FiO2? used?

Answer 20

High flow oxygen cannula. up to 15 LPM. FiO2 up to 81%. Used in severe levels of hypoxemia

Question 21

High flow venturi (venti) mask: fxn, FiO2, used

Answer 21

mixes oxygen with room air. 24-50% FiO2. used when provider is concerned with CO2 retention

Question 22

what are the contraindication of using oxygen therapy?

Answer 22

none as long as the patient needs it

Question 23

what are four risks of oxygen therapy?

Answer 23

1. oxygen toxicity
   2, Atelactasis
2. O2 induced hypoventilation
3. fire hazard

Question 24

what is oxygen toxicity?

Answer 24

occurs when a patient is given low levels of oxygen for long periods of time or high levels of oxygen for shorter periods of time. free radicals accumulate and damage alveoli

Question 25

what is atelactasis

Answer 25

Oxygen washes out the nitrogen in the lungs (that expand the alveli) and the alveoli collapse

Question 26

what is O2 induced hypoventilation?

Answer 26

seen in patients with chronically high CO2 levels. Their bodies begin responding to O2 to regulate respiration. if O2 is provided in high percentages then the respiratory rate decreases drastically

Question 27

Before using an oxygen tank what must you do?

Answer 27

assure PSI>300

Question 28

what is a pulse oximeter?

Answer 28

measures SpO2 (different than SaO2 and PaO2). This is an estimate of the arterial blood oxyhemoglobin saturation

Question 29

where can a pulse oximeter be placed?

Answer 29

finger (most common), earlobes, toes

Question 30

Methemoglobin (a type of Hb) will show what % oxygen saturation on a Pulse oximeter regardless of the actual O2 saturation

Answer 30

85%