Week 3 Injections and Medication Administration Flashcards
what are the 6 rights of medication administration?
Patient, medication, dose, route, time, documentation
what must you do with the patient before giving medication? (5)
properly identify, discuss allergies (new and old), ask for concerns, obtain consent, MUST educate patient about vaccine prior to injections (VIH, indications for injection)
what is a VIS?
vaccine information sheet: gives info about a vaccine to educate the patient prior to injection
what must you do RIGHT with medication?
make sure you have the right one
what must you do RIGHT with dose
ensure you have the correct dose.
What must you do RIGHT with route/site?
get the right injection site: interdermal, sub cutaneous (sub Q), intermuscular, intravenous
interdermal injections are commonly used for
TB or allergy test
Sub Q injections are commonly used for (3)
some vaccines, insulin, heparin
what are the four CHECKS of medication preparation?
Order, integrity, concentration, expiration date
What is the order check?
is what is ordered/written what i am holding?
what is the integrity check?
is the vial intact, does the color of the medication look right?
what is the concentration check?
is this the correct concentration?
what is the expiration date check?
is the medication expired?
VIS is required by…obtained by? signature?
federal law. obtained by CDC website. do not have to get signature
a larger gauge needle is more…
thin
what are the three parts of the needle?
hub (fits on syringe hub), shaft (connects to the hub), bevel (slanted tip)
what are the three parts of a syringe?
tip (goes into needle hub), barrel (holds the fluid), plunger
the 3mL syringe is used for which two types of injections?
SQ and IM injections
the 1 mL syringe is used for which type of injections?
intradermal
the 23 or 25 gauge one inch needle is often used when giving..
IM injections
the 25 gauge 5/8 inch needle is often used for giving…
SQ injections
rank the relative depths of intradermal, Sub Q and intramuscular injections
Intradermal most superficial, Sub Q middle, Intramuscular deepest
what should the needle angle be for intramuscular injections?
90 deg
what should the needle angle be for Sub Q injections?
45-90 deg. if a person has more fat do in closer to 90 deg
what should the needle angle be for intradermal injections?
15 degrees
medications injected into which site are absorbed the fastest why?
intramuscular, more vascular
what is an ampoule?
a medication vial with a glass neck that has to be broken to get the medicaiton
how do you withdraw medication from an ampoule?
use a filter needle to draw the medication and then change to a regular needle to adminster the medication to the patient
how do you give an injection from a vial
- remove cap of vial to expose sterile rubber seal
- wipe surface of rubber seal with an alcohol wipe
- attach needle to syringe
- fill syringe with air to the amount of medication needed.
- Place needle in vial and expell all the air
- invert vial and allow air pressure to fill the syringe
- inject any air in the syringe into the vial
- change needle to appropriate size
for a IM injection, of a person weighing less than 130lb what size needle?
5/8 to 1 in
for a IM injection of a 130-152 lb what size needle?
1 in
what three muscular groups are safe to use for IM injections?
deltoid, vastus lateralis (antero-lateral thigh), ventrogluteal (lateral butt)
what are the four needle lenghts
1/2 5/8 1 and 1 1/2 in
what are the four sizes (gauge) of needles
21, 23, 25, and 27 gauge
what muscle is used most often for IM injections?
deltoid (generally only 1 mL)
what are the three techniques to give IM injections?
Z-track, pinch and grasp method, spreading the skin taut between thumb and forefinger method
when cant you use Z-track
not for infants or adults receiving vaccines, small muscle masses would not benefit from the Z-track
what is the Z-track method?
skin is pulled to the side, injection is given, skin is released. medication is trapped
what is the pinch and grasp method?
grasp/pinch muscle to give injections
what is the spread the skin taut method?
spread skin with thumb and index finger and give injections
what must you do prior to injecting all IM medications (except vaccines)
aspirate (ensures you are not injecting into a blood vessel, you pull back on needle before you push to check for blood)
where can a SQ injection be given?
upper arms (upper outer triceps), abdomen, anterior aspect of thigh
when giving a SQ injection what should you do to the skin?
pinch!
do you aspirate in SQ injections?
no
do you ever recap a needle after an injection?
no
what size needle for ID?
25-27 gauge, 3/8 to 5/8 inch
what is the max amount of fluid injected for ID?
0.1 mL (use a 1 mL syringe)
what is a bleb?
a bubble that confirms succesfull ID injection
where is the most common site for ID injections?
forearms: 3-4 fingers below antecubital area, 1 hand width above wrist
for all allergy medicaiton administartions the patient must stay in the office for how many minutes after injection?
15 minutes
what are the hallmark symptoms of anaphylaxis?
shortness of breath, tongue, lip or throat swelling
